UNIT 4 ANIMALS

1. UNIT 4 ANIMALS STRUCTURE & FUNCTION

2. Agenda: • Assignment due • Lesson • HW

3. Brief review questions on RespirationQ1) What are the stages of respiration?Q2) What happens during gas exchange?Q3) What do you use stop yourself from swallowing Listerine? Quick Questions on Ch. 11

4. 12. 1 The Function of Circulation

5. The individual cells that make up the structural units that require - the obtaining of nutrients and oxygen - the elimination of wastes 12. 1 The Function of Circulation

6. The circulatory systemis ???? 12. 1 The Function of Circulation

7. The circulatory system: • The system that transports blood, nutrients, and waste around the body 12. 1 The Function of Circulation

8. 12.1 - Main Functions of Circulatory System

9. 12.1 - Main Functions of CS (Circ. System)

10. 12.1 - Main Functions of CS

11. 12.1 - Major Components of the Circulatory System

12. Heart The muscular organ that pumps blood via the CS to the lungs & the body 12.1 - Major Components of the Circulatory System

13. Heart The muscular organ that pumps blood via the C.S. Blood Bodily fluid in which blood cells are suspended - carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc 12.1 - Major Components of the Circulatory System

14. Blood Bodily fluid in which blood cells are suspended - carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc Heart The muscular organ that pumps blood via the C.S. Blood Vessels Hollow tubes carrying blood to & from body tissues 12.1 - Major Components of the Circulatory System

15. Open & Closed CS

16. Open Circulatory System Closed Circulatory System 12.1 - 2 Types of CS

17. Open Circulatory System A CS in which vessels open into the animal’s body cavity and makes direct contact with organs and tissues Closed Circulatory System 12.1 - 2 Types of CS

18. Open Circulatory System A CS in which vessels open into the animal’s body cavity and makes direct contact with organs and tissues. There is no distinction between the blood and the interstitial fluid (a solution surrounding cells of multicellular animals). The mixture of blood and the surrounding fluids is called hemolymph. Closed Circulatory System A CS in which the circulating blood is contained within vessels and kept separate from the interstitial fluid. 12.1 - Open & Closed CS

19. Open & Closed CS

20. Study Fig. 12.2, page 480, and become fluent in identifying the components of the heart Heart Components

21. 4 Chambers of the Heart

22. Blood Vessels – 3 Types

23. Blood Vessels – 3 Types

24. Arteries carry blood ______ from the heart. Smaller-diameter arteries are called arterioles Blood Vessels – 3 types

25. Arteries carry blood ______ from the heart. Smaller-diameter arteries are called arterioles Veins carry blood _________ the heart. Smaller-diameter veins are called venules Blood Vessels – 3 types

26. Arteries carry blood ______ from the heart. Smaller-diameter arteries are called arterioles Veins carry blood _________ the heart. Smaller-diameter veins are called venules Capillaries transport nutrients & other materials from _________ to ________ cells and vice versa. Blood Vessels – 3 types

27. Arteries carry blood ______ from the heart. Smaller-diameter arteries are called arterioles Veins carry blood _________ the heart. Smaller-diameter veins are called venules Capillaries transport nutrients & other materials from _________ to ________ cells and vice versa. A network of capillaries joins the arteries and arterioles with venules and veins. Blood Vessels – 3 types

28. Blood Vessels – 3 Types

29. Arteries are highly elastic (what does this mean?) Arteries

30. Arteries are highly elastic (what does this mean?) - like elastic rubber bands – - they are flexible and expandable allowing a wave of blood to surge through it during the contraction of ventricles. Arteries

31. Arteries are highly elastic (what does this mean?) - like elastic rubber bands – - they are flexible and expandable allowing a wave of blood to surge through it during the contraction of ventricles. • When measuring your pulse, you feel a rhythmic expansion & contraction of an artery as blood moves through it Arteries

32. Looking at the diagram … • Veins have (thinner or thicker?) walls than arteries and a (smaller or larger?) inner circumference Veins

33. Looking at the diagram … • Veins have (thinner or thicker?) walls than arteries and a (smaller or larger?) inner circumference Veins

34. Looking at the diagram … • Veins have (thinner or thicker?) walls than arteries and a (smaller or larger?) inner circumference • On the other hand, veins (are or aren’t) as elastic as arteries Veins

35. Looking at the diagram … • Veins have (thinner or thicker?) walls than arteries and a (smaller or larger?) inner circumference • On the other hand, veins (are or aren’t) as elastic as arteries • So they can’t contract to help move blood back to the heart – the contraction muscles keeps the blood in the veins flowing to the heart Veins

36. Veins have one-way valves that prevent blood from flowing backward – even against the downward pull of gravity Veins

37. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels Capillaries

38. Capillaries are the smallest blood vesselsThe capillary wall is a single layer of cells are have an average diameter of 8 micro meters (8 millionths of a meter) – just large enough for the largestblood cells to pass through Capillaries

39. Q 1, 2, 4, 6 – page 481 Read Page 483 and draw out figure 12.7 on Pg 483 Questions for the love of your Heart