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ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL

ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL. Chapter 10. FDR….1 st president to serve more than 2 terms! . Section 1: The First New Deal. Polio Democrat In 1928, ran for governor of NY…won reelection In 1933, became president. 100 Days. Unemployment continued to rise during the GD.

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ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL

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  1. ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL Chapter 10

  2. FDR….1st president to serve more than 2 terms!

  3. Section 1: The First New Deal • Polio • Democrat • In 1928, ran for governor of NY…won reelection • In 1933, became president

  4. 100 Days • Unemployment continued to rise during the GD. • Americans feared he would abandoned the gold standard and reduce the value of the dollar • U.S. would have to stop exchanging dollar for gold. • Many decided to take the money out of the bank and convert it to gold. • Across the country many people stood in lines to withdraw their money • By 1933, 4,000 banks collapsed…in 38 states governors declared bank holidays (closing the banks before bank ran out of business)

  5. The New Deal Begins • Roosevelt wanted to end the GD; however, had no idea how to end this period… • He depended on his advisers…(cabinet members) • He passed 15 acts to congress for approval…. This became known as New Deal. • On March 12, Roosevelt addressed the nation by radio….60 million people listened to his first of many ‘fireside chats” • He encourage people to have money in bank, the next days banks opened and people deposit their money back

  6. FDIC and SECMortgage and Debt Relief • Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)- created to regulate stock market fraud. • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)- provide government insurance for bank deposit. • Home Owner’s Loan Corporation- helped those who were late in their mortgage. • Farm Credit- help farmers to stay out of bankruptcy

  7. Relief Programs • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)- offered unemployment young men 18-25 to work on forestry; such as planting trees, fighting forest fires…. • To prevent Dust Bowl planters planted about 200 million trees from north TX to North Dakota. • The CCC lasted until 1942 putting about 3 million people back to work.

  8. Relief Programs • After the CCC, Congress established the Public Works Administration (PWA), employed people to build school., highways…. • However, this did not reduce unemployment and the Civil Works Administration (CWA), was created to employed about 4 million people including 300,000 women….. Built/ improve 1,0000 airports, 40,0000 schools,3,500 playgrounds/parks…

  9. Success of the First New Deal • 1st New deal did not restored prosperity but in fact improve the economy…many people stayed at their farms/ homes

  10. Section 2 The Second New Deal • Pre. Roosevelt was very popular during the first two years in office • His program created about 2 million new jobs but more than 10 million workers remain unemployed. • Roosevelt started deficit spending, he abandoned a balanced budget and began borrowing money for his programs. • However, he improved schools, colleges, hospitals, bridged….these improvements made him popular…..however he became corrupted.

  11. WPA • 2nd New Deal: • WPA employed 8.5 million workers • One of the programs under WPA, Federal Number One financed artists, musicians, theaters people and writers to create murals, sculptures for public b buildings….

  12. Wagner Act • National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)- guaranteed workers the right to unionize and bargain collectively. • Also established the National labor Relations Board to determine if workers wanted to form and union. • Under this act, sit-down strikes, employers stopped work inside the factory and refused to leave.

  13. Social Security • SS act, provided some financial security for older Americans, unemployed workers, and others. • Monthly retirement benefit people collected at the age of 65.

  14. Section 3 the New Deal Coalition • In 1936, many people had jobs, houses, paid mortgages due to the New Deal Programs  • Women and African Americans had much more support thanks to the Eleanor Roosevelt. • Election of 1936 • Republicans nominated Alfred Landon (Arkansas Gov) • Roosevelt won more than 60 percent • However, the Supreme Court saw the New Deal programs different and declared…Agricultural Adjustment Act unconstitutional. • In response, Pres. Roosevelt passed a bill in Congress to increase the # of justices. • Court-packing plan- the act of a leader to change the political balance of power in a nation’s judiciary system by appointing judges who will rule in favor of his or her policies.

  15. Roosevelt LandonElection of 1936

  16. Last New Deal Programs… • National Housing Act-established the US Housing Authority , this organization received about $500 million to builder to construct low cost housing. • Fair Labor Standards Act, abolished child labor, limited the workweek to 44 hrs, and set the first federal minimum wage at 0.25 cents an hr. • By 1939, New Deal programs came to an end. • New Deal did not end the Depression but did give Americans stronger sense of security and stability. • New Deal established broker state, in which government works out conflicts among different interests.

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