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WETLANDS

WETLANDS. “LAND THAT IS WET”. Hydrology Saturated for at least part of the growing season. Evidence? “ Hydric Soils” Poorly drained soils What to look for? Develop “anaerobic” condition Why the rotten egg smell? “Hydrophytes” Why can’t any plant live in a wetland?.

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WETLANDS

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  1. WETLANDS

  2. “LAND THAT IS WET” • Hydrology • Saturated for at least part of the growing season. • Evidence? • “Hydric Soils” • Poorly drained soils • What to look for? • Develop “anaerobic” condition • Why the rotten egg smell? • “Hydrophytes” • Why can’t any plant live in a wetland?

  3. WETLANDS ARE IMPORTANT! • Clarification • Vegetation allows sediment to ______________ • Filtration • Removes contaminants and excess plant nutrients before entering __________or ___________ water. • Stabilization • Vegetation acts as a “_____________” to prevent shoreline erosion • __________ Control • Temporary holding basins for flood water.

  4. WETLANDS ARE IMPORTANT! • Wildlife Protection • _____________ for a breeding fish and wildlife. • Resting stop for ________________ birds. • Other Values?

  5. SALTWATER MARSH • Mouth of tidal river (___________) • Salt tolerant grasses (_______________) • Decomposing plant matter (___________) • Provides the nutrient source of the food chain. • Where is it coming from?

  6. FRESHWATER MARSH • Found in open areas near __________ and ___________. • Common at the mouths of rivers and form in areas with mineral soil that drains very _____________.  • Usually one to _______ feet deep and is _____________ rich  • Dominated by __________ plants • sedges (“_________”) • rushes (“_________”) • grasses (“_________”)

  7. Beaver • “______________ Species” • modifies the natural environment in such a way that the overall ecosystem builds upon the change.

  8. Exotic Invasives • Purple Loosestrife • Outcompetes natives • Reduces biodiversity

  9. SWAMP • Dominated by ________ and ___________ • Red maple, black gum, eastern white cedar

  10. Vernal Pools • Here today . . . Gone tomorrow

  11. Vernal Pools • So what makes them unique? • No leading aquatic predator • Who might that be? • What are the benefits and challenges for breeding populations of amphibians?

  12. BOG • Accumulation of sphagnum __________ • No inlet or outlet, so… • How did they form? • What is the source of water? • Why do they “quake”?

  13. BOG • Acidic environment makes it difficult for plants. How so? • What group of plants have adapted to these conditions?

  14. CARNIVOROUS PLANTS

  15. Wetlands in Trouble! Throughout history, governments have encouraged efforts to drain wetlands. Why? Result  What fraction of our wetlands remain? What efforts have been made to correct our mistakes?

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