Importance of Indicators and Metrics in e-Waste Policy Making and Monitoring

1. ITU/CITEL Workshop on“Environmentally Sound Management of E-waste” (Mendoza, Argentina, 9 October 2013) e-Waste: The importance of indicators and metrics in policymaking and monitoring Alexandre F. Barbosa Manager, CETIC.br alexandre@nic.br

2. AGENDA • e-Waste: context • Challenges to policymaking • Importance of indicators and metrics in policymaking and monitoring • Multistakeholder approach in producing ICT-related statistics in Brazil • Challenges for producing internationally comparable data

3. E-waste: context • Increasing amount of electronic and electrical devices put on market every year; • Concern over the problem of used EEE and end-of-life electronics; • Lack of awareness on e-waste: recycling, management and processing; • Poor and insufficient data and statistics on e-waste; • Need of e-Waste policy and legislation which consider environmental impacts.

4. Challenges for policymaking Smart Societies I&KS Public Services Environmental Education Smart Buildings e-Waste ICT Transport and Mobility Energy Manegement Waste Management Water Management PolicymakingandMonitoring

5. Challenges for policymaking e-Waste Political Agenda e-Waste Policies and Legislation • Sustainable development; • 3R Principle: Reduce, reuse & recycle • Sustainable consumption and production (SCP); • Consumption of natural resources; • Energy efficiency. Environmental Impacts Reliable and internationally comparable data Framework Indicators and metrics

6. Challenges for policymaking Howto design effective policies to address the challenges posed by the discarded used electrical and electronic equipment and end-of-life electronics? Measurement matters: evidence-based ! Methodology matters ! Specific indicators are needed !

7. “Good policy requires good statistics at different stages of the policymaking process.” (Scott, 2005) “The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy.” (Othman, 2005) Importance of statistics in policymaking and monitoring • Reliable • Policy relevant • Timely (to inform policy decisions) • Accessible to all key stakeholders • Cost-effective • Interdisciplinary enough to address cross-cutting issues ICT-related statistics Survey data in policymaking

8. Importance of statistics in policymaking and monitoring Challenges Opportunities • Legal framework: policy & legislation; • Stakeholders engagement; • Administrative data vs sample survey data; • Methodological & statistical issues: • Sample design / sample size; • Rigor in data collection / field control; • Internationally comparable data. • Data dissemination & communication. • EVIDENCE-BASED POLICYMAKING • INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING • AWARENESS RAISING & EDUCATION

9. International common framework: methodology, core indicators definition, questionnaire. ICT Households and Individuals ICT Enterprises ICT E-Government ICT in Education ICT in Health ICT Survey Models: internationally agreed core indicators

10. e-Waste (WEEE - waste electrical and electronic equipment) e-Waste recycling Green ICT Green growth and sustainable development Initiatives for measuring environmental impacts: concepts and indicators

11. Environmental regulations to account for used EEE and end-of-life electronics • Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal. • The Basel Convention entered into force in May of 1992, 2006 (Nairobi Declaration) and 2011 (Cartagena Decisions). • Three stated objectives: • To minimize the production of hazardous waste; • To encourage the local handling of hazardous waste; • To minimize the export of hazardous waste from developed to developing countries.

12. Sustainable Development Indicators: SDI EU Sustainable Development Strategy • SDIs are used to monitor the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (published by Eurostat). • 100 indicators. • 11 indicators have been identified as headline indicators.

13. ICT statistics in Brazil: a multistakeholder approach Brazilian Network Information Center Brazilian Internet Steering Committee Regional Centre of Studies for the Development of the Information Society Latin America and Portuguese speaking African countries

14. Engaging stakeholders: Government, academia and civil society ICT survey process

15. Engaging stakeholders: Government, academia and civil society Data dissemination and use

16. Pillars of CETIC’s survey process Articulation of productive partnerships Government & Int’l Organizations Academic Organizations Non-profit Organizations “Good policy requires good statistics at different stages of the policymaking process.” (Scott, 2005) Planning Dissemination & Use “The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy.” (Othman, 2005) 200 Experts 58 Organizations

17. Matrix of ICT survey’s stakeholders Level of interest and insertion

18. Matrix of relevance for ICT policies Use of ICT survey data on policymaking

19. Policies based on ICT survey data Relevance for ICT policies Policymaking and monitoring 2005 2013 • Tax Exemption Program for Computers (Computer for All Program) • Broadband National Plan • Low Cost Broadband Program (1Mbps at USD 15) • Act 12.715/2012: Tax exemption for telecom services in rural areas • Broadband for Rural Areas Program (450 MHz-2014) • Smart Cities • Telecentres • Tax Exemption Programs (Internet and smartphone) • Proinfo (Computer Labs in public schools) • Broadband in Schools Program • UCA (one laptop per child program) • E-Gov Action Plan • ICT Skills development programs • ICT impact assessment in the health sector

20. Measuring e-Waste: benchmarking Challenges for producing int’l comparable data Frameworkformeasuring e-waste Definitions, indicators and data collection instruments Which approach? Policies Producers Consumers Indicator 1 What should be measured? Indicator 2 Dimensions . . . Indicator n

21. Thank you ! CETIC.br’s ICT surveys are available for download at www.cetic.br/publicacoes