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Attempto Controlled English: A Knowledge Representation Language Readable by Humans and Machines

Reasoning Web 2005. 2. Overview. Languages for Knowledge RepresentationAttempto Controlled English (ACE)ACE VocabularyConstruction RulesInterpretation Rules: AmbiguityInterpretation Rules: Anaphoric ReferencesVery Brief Style GuideTranslating ACE into First-Order LogicApplications of ACE. Re

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Attempto Controlled English: A Knowledge Representation Language Readable by Humans and Machines

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    1. Attempto Controlled English: A Knowledge Representation Language Readable by Humans and Machines Norbert E. Fuchs, Stefan Höfler, Kaarel Kaljurand Fabio Rinaldi, Gerold Schneider Department of Informatics & Institute of Computational Linguistics University of Zurich, Switzerland www.ifi.unizh.ch/attempto Reasoning Web 2005

    2. Reasoning Web 2005 2 Overview Languages for Knowledge Representation Attempto Controlled English (ACE) ACE Vocabulary Construction Rules Interpretation Rules: Ambiguity Interpretation Rules: Anaphoric References Very Brief Style Guide Translating ACE into First-Order Logic Applications of ACE

    3. Reasoning Web 2005 3 Languages for Knowledge Representation formal languages + well defined-syntax, unambiguous semantics + support automated reasoning – conceptual distance to application domain – incomprehensibility, acceptance problems natural languages + user-friendly: easy to use and understand + no extra learning effort + high expressiveness, close to application domain – ambiguity, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistency Attempto Controlled English combines pros of formal and natural languages

    4. Reasoning Web 2005 4 Attempto Controlled English (ACE) ACE is a controlled natural language precisely defined, tractable subset of full English automatic, unambiguous translation into first-order logic ACE is human and machine understandable ACE seems completely natural, but is a formal language ACE is a first-order logic language with an English syntax while the meaning of a sentence in natural language can vary depending on its – possibly only vaguely defined – context, the meaning of an ACE sentence is completely and uniquely defined ACE combines natural language with formal methods easier to learn and use than visibly formal languages automated reasoning in ACE via existing tools

    5. Reasoning Web 2005 5 Important Notice

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