Who’s To Blame?

1. Who’s To Blame? The college professor said: “Such rawness in a student is a shame, lack of preparation in high school is to blame.”

2. Who’s To Blame? Said the high school teacher: “Good heavens! That boy’s a fool. The fault of course is with the middle school.”

3. Who’s To Blame? The middle school teacher said: “From stupidity may I be spared. They sent him in so unprepared.”

4. Who’s To Blame? The primary teacher huffed: “Kindergarten blockheads all. They call that preparation – why, it’s worse than none at all.”

5. Who’s To Blame? The kindergarten teacher said: “Such lack of training never did I see. What kind of woman must that mother be.”

6. Who’s To Blame? The mother said: “Poor helpless child. He’s not to blame. His father’s people were all the same.”

7. Who’s To Blame? Said the father at the end of the line: “I doubt the rascal’s even mine.” Anonymous

8. Closing the Achievement GapNO EXCUSES Patricia W. Davenport

9. The Challenge For Education All school districts face similar challenges: • Low student achievement results • Pressures for increased accountability • Customers dissatisfied with outcomes • Increasing student enrollment • Rising costs

10. The Challenge For Education The search continues… • State-takeover of schools • Private takeover of schools • For-profit schools • Vouchers • Charter schools • Longer school days and school years • 36 different education reform programs

11. Beliefs • Children of all races and income levels can succeed • Testing is Diagnostic, not discriminatory • Tests determine whether each and every child is learning

12. Legal Moral Two Reasons:

13. Legal Reason • 50 of 50 states require students to take state assessments.

14. Moral Reason • If students are not literate, that is, they can not read, write, and do basic arithmetic: • 3 out of 4 will go on welfare. • 68% will commit a criminal offense. Source: National Adult Literacy Survey - 1993

15. Building Blocks • The PDCA Instructional Process is grounded in three sets of ideas: • Effective Schools • Total Quality Management • Malcolm Baldrige Criteria For Performance Excellence

16. TQM • Defined as “an operational theory of management and set of process tools for implementation.” • Do it right the first time! • Continuous Improvement Cycles - PDCA • Don’t fix blame, fix the system!

17. Plan/Do/Check/Act Cycle

18. “Effective Schools” Philosophy • Characteristics Of Effective Schools: • Strong instructional leadership • High expectations of student achievement for ALL students • Pervasive and broadly understood instructional focus • Safe and orderly school climate conducive to teaching and learning • Measures of pupil achievement as a basis of program evaluation

19. Student Population 56.8% ElementarySchools 11 MiddleSchools 2 IntermediateSchools 3 HighSchools 2 AlternativeSchools 1 32.7% 9.1% 1.4% AfricanAmerican Hispanic Other White Brazosport ISD Economically Disadvantaged - 38.6% District Enrollment - 13,500

20. TAAS Velasco Elementary DEMOGRAPHICS: Economically Disadvantaged 80.4% African American 19.6% LEP 36.5% Hispanic 59.8% Mobility 25.6% White 20.1%

21. TAAS Freeport Intermediate DEMOGRAPHICS: Economically Disadvantaged 62.9% African American 10.4% LEP 4.2% Hispanic 51.3% Mobility 20.2% White 37.8%

22. TAAS Brazosport High School DEMOGRAPHICS: Economically Disadvantaged 54.1% African American 12.1% LEP 6.6% Hispanic 50.2% Mobility 25.8% White 35.7%

23. Highlights of SuccessMount Clemens Community Schools MEAP Results 2005 264% Increase over 3 years 131% Increase over 3 years Grade 5 Social Studies

24. Highlights of SuccessMount Clemens Community Schools MEAP Results 2005 19% Increase over 3 years 33% Increase over 3 years Grade 5 Science

25. Highlights of SuccessMount Clemens Community Schools MEAP Results 2005 90% Increase 117% Increase 120% Increase Mount Clemens Middle School, Grade 7

26. Highlights of SuccessMount Clemens Community Schools MEAP Results 2005 These subjects all show at least 11% increase in one year Mount Clemens High School, Grade 11

27. 1. Data Disaggregation 2. Timeline Development 7. Maintenance 8. Monitoring 3. Instructional Focus 4. Assessment 5. Tutorials 6. Enrichment PDCA INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL

28. Plan/Do/Check/Act Cycle

29. Real First Step! Staff Buy-In

30. From Theory To Practice What the PDCA Cycle offers… • A proven track record for success • A step-by-step methodology for improving schools • A process built on the foundation of Effective School Characteristics • An alignment of planning, instruction, and assessment • An emphasis on the core curricula of reading, writing, and mathematics

31. PLAN Disaggregate Data • Arrange test scores to identify instructional groups. • Define weak and strong objectives.

32. TEST TALK

33. PLAN Timeline Development • Develop a campus calendar for all objective areas and time allocations based on the needs of the student groups and the weight of the objective. • The timeline is subject to change due to mastery of target areas.

34. DO Instructional Focus • Using the timeline, create a schedule of focused instructions to be followed by teachers.

35. CHECK Assessment • After the instructional focus has been taught, administer an assessment to identify mastery/non-mastery students.

36. Enrichment Tutorials ACT • Tutorial time should be devoted to the reteaching of non-mastered target areas.

37. Enrichment Tutorials ACT • Target related enrichment is provided for mastery students.

38. CHECK Maintenance • Provide materials for ongoing maintenance and reteaching.

39. CHECK Monitoring The principal assumes the role of instructional leader and is continuously involved in the teaching and learning process.

40. Benefits • Gives teachers flexibility in how to teach by focusing on what to teach. • Emphasizes key skills for every student. • Allows students to retain skills in order to build higher skills.

41. Benefits CONTINUED • Aligns planning, instruction, assessment, and support toward student performance. • Removes subjectivity and replaces it with a focus on results. • Test scores validate standards instruction. • It is a proven approach that achieves results.

42. G O A L S S t u d e n t A c h i e v e m e n t S y s t e m P e r f o r m a n c e Random Acts Of Improvement = Programs

43. Aligned Acts Of Improvement In an aligned system... … improvement efforts are integrated and results-oriented

44. ACTION PLAN • PDCA Process Implementation Short & Long Term Actions $$ Done Who & When Solution

45. “It is perfectly all right to teach students curricula over which they will not be tested, but in this day of accountability for results, it’s fool-hardy to test students on curricula they have not been taught and taught to mastery...

46. Teaching one thing and testing another tends to discriminate against the socioeconomically poor and disadvantaged students, since they are the most dependent on the school as the source for their academic learnings.” Dr. Larry Lezotte

47. Contact Information • Dr. Patricia Davenport pdavenport@equityineducation.com • Kelly Hargrove Khargrov@remcc11.k12.mi.us • Brooke Hari Bhari@remc11.k12.mi.us • Tony Habra ahabra@remc11.k12.mi.us