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Chapter 2: The Invasion and Settlement of North America

Chapter 2: The Invasion and Settlement of North America. European Exploration and Settlement. New Spain New France New Netherland English Colonies. Spanish Explorers. Gold Glory God St. Augustine 1585, Santa Fe 1610. Pope’ and the Pueblo Revolt.

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Chapter 2: The Invasion and Settlement of North America

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  1. Chapter 2: The Invasion and Settlement of North America

  2. European Exploration and Settlement • New Spain • New France • New Netherland • English Colonies

  3. Spanish Explorers • Gold • Glory • God • St. Augustine 1585, Santa Fe 1610

  4. Pope’ and the Pueblo Revolt • Pueblo population reduced from 60,000 to 17,000 • Pope’ calls for expulsion of Spaniards and “return to laws of their ancients” • 1680 – execution of 400 Spaniards 1500 more flee • Spanish regain control within 10 years

  5. New France • Quebec 1607

  6. French Explorers • Champlain • Marquette and Joliet • De La Salle • “Louisiana”

  7. Iroquois Confederacy • Jesuit Missions • Fur Trade

  8. New Netherland • Henry Hudson • Fort Orange (Albany) 1621 • New Amsterdam, 1624 – New York, 1664

  9. Chesapeake Tidewater • Roanoke 1585 • Jamestown – 1607 • John Smith • Tobacco • Pocahontas / John Rolfe • Starving time • Powhatan

  10. Maryland • Cecilius Calvert – Lord Baltimore • Refuge for Catholics • Tobacco

  11. Soil exhaustion

  12. Labor • Natives • Indentured servitude • African slaves

  13. Bacon’s Rebellion • Wanted increased protection from Indians • Marched on Jamestown, attempted to arrest Gov. William Berkeley • 1st armed resistance to English rule

  14. New England • Pilgrims/Plymouth Colony 1620 • Mayflower Compact – self government

  15. Massasoit • Squanto • Myles Standish • John Carver • John Bradford

  16. Mass Bay Colony • John Winthrop • Boston 1630 • “City upon a hill” • Puritan beliefs • The elect • Predestination

  17. Political Dissent

  18. Anne Hutchinson • Mary Dyer • Roger Williams

  19. Salem Witch Trials

  20. Accused by minister’s daughter • Confesses – why confess?

  21. Witch Hunt • Motivated by fear • Scapegoats • Financial/political gain – power • Guilt by association • Questionable evidence

  22. Hanged on June 10 • Bridget Bishop, Salem • Hanged on July 19 • Sarah Good, Salem Village • Rebecca Nurse, Salem Village • Susannah Martin, Amesbury • Elizabeth How, Ipswich • Sarah Wilds, Topsfield • Hanged on August 19 • George Burroughs, Wells, Maine • John Proctor, Salem Village • John Willard, Salem Village • George Jacobs, Sr., Salem Town • Martha Carrier, Andover • September 19 • Giles Corey, Salem Farms, pressed to death • Hanged on September 22 • Martha Corey, Salem Farms • Mary Eastey, Topsfield • Alice Parker, Salem Town • Ann Pudeater, Salem Town • Margaret Scott, Rowley • Wilmott Reed, Marblehead • Samuel Wardwell, Andover • Mary Parker, Andover • Other accused witches that were not hanged, but died in prison: • Sarah Osborne, Salem Village • Roger Toothaker, Billerica • Lyndia Dustin, Reading • Ann Foster, Andover • Thirteen others may have also died in prison, but sources conflict on the exact number.

  23. Democracy in NE • Town meeting

  24. King Philip’s War(Metacom’s Rebellion) • 1675-1676 • Destroyed 20% of English villages • 5% of the adult population

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