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Testing Various Energy Systems. Energy Transfer. 100%. % Capacity of Energy Systems. 120. 300. 10. 30. Exercise Duration (sec). Immediate System. Power Tests ATP-CP 6 - 8 seconds. Immediate System. Stair-Sprint 3-step leaps Power = (F x d) / T Given:. Immediate System.
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Energy Transfer 100% % Capacity of Energy Systems 120 300 10 30 Exercise Duration (sec)
Immediate System Power Tests • ATP-CP • 6 - 8 seconds
Immediate System Stair-Sprint • 3-step leaps • Power = (F x d) / T • Given:
Immediate System Stair-Sprint • 8” (20 cm) steps • traverse 6 steps • time = 0.5 sec. • Weight = 100 kg • Power = (100 kg * [0.2 m * 6]) / 0.5 sec • Power = 240 kg*m/sec
Immediate System Stair-Sprint Limitations: • highly dependent on subject’s mass • best used for comparisons of individuals w/ same mass
Immediate System Jump Tests • Vertical Jump (Sargent) • Standing Broad/Long Jump • may test power but not ATP-CP capacity
Short-Term Energy System • Blood lactate • Maximal exercise 3 minutes • Specificity of exercise
Short-Term Energy System Cycle ergometer x 40 seconds Wingate – 30 seconds • Cycle ergometer • Upper body ergometer • Peak power 3-5 sec. interval anaerobic power • Average power power over entire time anaerobic capacity
Short-Term Energy System Peak power energy-generating capacity of high energy phosphates Average power glycolytic capacity
Short-Term Energy System Physiologic Measures • Blood lactate • Glycogen depletion
Short-Term Energy System 100 50 Muscle Glycogen (mM/kg) 31% max 120% max 83% max 64% max 150% max 60 180 Exercise Duration (min)
Effects of Training • ability to generate glycogen • No improved buffering • Buffering solutions may help
Long-Term Energy System Aerobic Max VO2 • Highest value of O2 uptake during a test
VO2 max 4 O2 uptake (L/min) Time
Tests Spirometry Supermaximal x 3-5 minutes Graded exercise • Bruce protocol
Factors Affecting VO2 max • Exercise mode – upper vs. lower • Specificity of exercise • Genetics – 20 - 30% • Fitness level – 5 – 20%
Factors Affecting VO2 max Gender Body mass Age • After 25, 1% / year • Exercise can offset
Predicted VO2 max Based on HR – within 10-20% Running/walking tests • 12 minute run (Cooper) • Step test • Cycle ergometry • Treadmill