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9-1 Building Overseas Empires Cornell Notes

9-1 Building Overseas Empires Cornell Notes. EQ: How did Western nations come to dominate much of the world in the late 1800’s?. Imperialism – Takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation for the purpose of domination. Motives Driving the New Imperialism. Economic interests

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9-1 Building Overseas Empires Cornell Notes

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  1. 9-1 Building Overseas EmpiresCornell Notes EQ: How did Western nations come to dominate much of the world in the late 1800’s?

  2. Imperialism – Takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation for the purpose of domination.

  3. Motives Driving the New Imperialism • Economic interests • Industrialization – more access to natural resources • Ex: rubber, petroleum, manganese, palm oil • Created markets to sell products on = $$$

  4. Motives Continued 2. Political and Military • Steam-powered ships and naval vessels needed bases to take on coal and supplies • Industrial countries seized land for this • Nationalism – when one European country began expanding others tried to stop them, by controlling land around them

  5. Motives Continued 3. Humanitarian and Religious goals • Genuine concern for their “little brothers” beyond the seas • Missionaries began taking the Christian religion to new areas • “White Man’s Burden” • Idea that it was the white mans responsibility to take civilization to the rest of the world • Examples: • Medicine • Law • Christianity

  6. Motives Continued 4. Social Darwinism & Racism • Growing sense of racial superiority • Applied Darwin's “survival of the fittest” to human societies • European races were seen as being superior to others • European imperial domination of weaker races was natures way of improving the human species • Millions of non-westerners (Europeans) were robbed of their cultural heritage. Europeans Everyone Else

  7. Rapid Spread of Imperialism • European nations grew strong in 1800’s • Other older civilizations were in decline (ex: Ottoman empire, China, Mughal India) • European societies had superior technology • Ex: medicines - quinine, weapons (maxim gun, repeating rifles, etc) • Resistance – • Africans and Asians strongly resisted imperialism • However, lacked the technology

  8. Criticism of Imperialism • Some people argued that imperialism was • Tool of the rich • Immoral • Western countries promoted democracy at home, but not abroad.

  9. Forms of Imperial Rule • Indirect Control – (Protectorate) • Relied on existing leaders • Gov’t institutions were based on European styles • British, U.S used Indirect control

  10. Forms of Imperial Rule Cont. • Direct Control (Sphere of Influence) • Foreign leaders rule • Viewed Africans as Children unable to rule themselves • Control the local trade and economy • French, Germans, Portuguese used Direct control

  11. Chapter 9 Vocabulary Imperialism Protectorate Sphere of Influence Paternalistic David Livingstone Boer War Elite Sultan Genocide Concession Sepoy Viceroy Deforestation Balance of trade Open Door Policy. Trade surplus Trade deficit Opium War Taiping Rebellion Boxer Uprising

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