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Cloud Computing Systems

Windows Azure—Microsoft Cloud Computing Technologies. Cloud Computing Systems. Lin Gu. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Sept. 26, 2011. Cloud Systems. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): basic compute and storage resources E.g., Amazon AWS/EC2, VMWare vCloud

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Cloud Computing Systems

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  1. Windows Azure—Microsoft Cloud Computing Technologies Cloud Computing Systems Lin Gu Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Sept. 26, 2011

  2. Cloud Systems • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): basic compute and storage resources • E.g., Amazon AWS/EC2, VMWare vCloud • Platform as a Service (PaaS): cloud application infrastructure • E.g. Google App Engine, Salesforce.com, Windows Azure • Software as a Service (SaaS): cloud applications • E.g. Google Docs, Microsoft Office Web Companions, Office 365

  3. How does cloud differ from: • Leased computers • Fabric computing/unified computing • Cluster Computing • Grid Computing

  4. When the Sloan Digital Sky Survey started work in 2000, its telescope in New Mexico collected more data in its first few weeks than had been amassed in the entire history of astronomy. Now, a decade later, its archive contains 140TB of information.

  5. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which is perhaps world’s largest digital camera (3200M pixels) due to come on stream in Chile in 2016, will acquire that quantity of data every five days.

  6. Windows Azure – Why not just Windows? Since 1970’s, microprocessors revolutionized the IT industry • Commoditization of computing and communication • Miniaturization of computing capability • Preemptive multitasking, multiple-issue out-of-order processors, virtualization migrate to PC-class computers • What brings you here cannot take you there: the capacity we need today exceeds even the largest single supercomputer ever built • Beyond scientific computing: larger data and massive concurrency, interactive applications, business transactions, …

  7. Cloud Based Computation with Windows Azure Web Role Worker Role main() { … } HTTP ASP.NET, WCF, etc. IIS Load Balancer Agent Agent Fabric Application Storage Compute Fabric VM …

  8. Guest OS Server Enterprise Guest OS Server Enterprise Host OS Server Core Applications Applications VirtualizationStack (VSC) VirtualizationStack (VSC) VirtualizationStack (VSP) Drivers Hypervisor High-Level Architecture Host Partition Guest Partition Guest Partition VMBUS VMBUS VMBUS Hardware CPU NIC Disk1 Disk2

  9. Windows Azure Compute ServiceVirtual Machines • The VMs are provided by a cloud-optimized hypervisor • Applications see a 64-bit Windows Server 2008 interface • Development fabric: a desktop replica of Windows Azure

  10. Windows Azure Deployment Fault-tolerant high-performance distributed computing “fabric” • Step 1: Allocate nodes • Across fault domains, across update domains • Step 2: Place OS and role images on nodes • Step 3: Configure settings • Step 4: Configure load-balancers, Start Roles • Step 5: Maintain desired number of roles • Failed roles automatically restarted • Node failure results in new nodes automatically allocated Load-balancers

  11. Image-Based Deployment Maintenance OS Host Partition Guest Partition Guest Partition Guest Partition Application VHD Application VHD Application VHD App1 Package App3 Package App2 Package Host partition differencing VHD Guest partition differencing VHD Guest partition differencing VHD Guest partition differencing VHD HV-enabled Server Core base VHD Server Enterprise base VHD Server Enterprise base VHD Server Core base VHD

  12. Windows Azure Storage ServiceTypes of Storage HTTP Blobs Tables Queues Application Storage Compute Fabric …

  13. Windows Azure StorageTables . . . Table Table Table Entity Entity Entity . . . Storage Accounts Property Property Property Name Type Value

  14. Windows Azure StorageTables: Limitation • Access via REST • You can’t use ordinary ADO.NET • No SQL • A new approach for developers to learn • No aggregates • You can’t easily move relational data to or from it • No schema • Entities and properties are not exactly rows (tuples) and columns (attributes)

  15. Windows Azure StorageTables: Strengths • Massively scalable • Perspective: • Applied to the right problem, Windows Azure Tables are a beautiful thing • But they’re not the optimal solution for many other applications • Amazon, Google, and others provide similar abstractions

  16. Using QueuesAn application model To scale, add more of either main() { … } Worker Role Web Role 1) Receive work 4) Do work ASP.NET, WCF, etc. 2) Put work in queue 3) Get work from queue Queue

  17. Service Bus • Exposing internal applications on the Internet isn’t a comfortable solution • Firewalls get in the way, may be slow, expensive • Service Bus: provides a cloud-based intermediary between clients and internal applications • Direct or queued • It also provides a service registry that clients can use to find the services they need

  18. Service Bus Service Bus 2) Discover endpoints Registry 1) Register endpoints 3) Access application Endpoints Application Application Organization X Organization Y Access Control Service Bus

  19. SQL Azure(a.k.a. SQL Services) SQL Azure Database Others (Future) .NET Services SQL Azure Applications Windows Azure Applications Windows Server Windows Vista/XP Windows Mobile Others

  20. SQL Azure • SQL Azure Database • Formerly known as SQL Data Services (SDS) and SQL Server Data Services (SSDS) • “Huron” Data Hub • Built on the Microsoft Sync Framework, which is “a comprehensive synchronization platform that enables collaboration and offline access for applications, services, and devices with support for any data type, any data store, any transfer protocol, and any network topology.” • Limitations in functionality and scalability • In the future: reporting, analysis, extract/transform/load (ETL) services, …

  21. The Microsoft Cloud Application Services Categories of Services Software Services Platform Services Infrastructure Services

  22. Application Patterns Web Application User Web Browser Mobile Browser Silverlight Application WPF Application Web Svc (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Jobs (Worker Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Private Cloud ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Public Cloud Services Enterprise Application ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Application Service Enterprise Web Svc Data Service Table Storage Service Blob Storage Service Queue Service Enterprise Data Storage Service Enterprise Identity Identity Service User Data Application Data Reference Data Service Bus Access Control Service Workflow Service

  23. Application Patterns Grid / Parallel Computing Application User Web Browser Mobile Browser Silverlight Application WPF Application Web Svc (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Jobs (Worker Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Private Cloud ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Public Services Enterprise Application ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) ASP.NET (Web Role) Application Service Enterprise Web Svc Data Service Table Storage Service Blob Storage Service Queue Service Enterprise Data Storage Service Enterprise Identity Identity Service User Data Application Data Reference Data Service Bus Access Control Service Workflow Service

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