“Nationalism Nein !”

1. The Romantic Age, (1815-1848):The Congress System - Europe Politically after the Congress of Vienna “Nationalism Nein!”

2. Overview After the Congress of Vienna, Europe will try to prevent another French Revolution The Congress System, or Concert of Europe, ensues It will be moderately successful, but ultimately unable to cope with the changes unleashed by both the French and Industrial Revolutions. Topics 1820s 1830s

3. 1820s

4. France Louis XVIII takes power; White Terror ensues Charles X continues the attempt to reimpose absolutism King Louis XVIII of France

5. Germany Nationalist opposition to royalty begins Illuminati Burchenschaft Carlsbad Decrees Mass censorship of the press and schools The sign on the wall reads: "Important question to be considered in today's meeting: 'How long will we be allowed to think?'" The sign in the upper-right corner lists the rules of the Thinkers' Club: "I. The president opens the meeting at precisely 8 a.m./ II. The first rule of a learned society is silence./”

6. Great Britian Corn Law of 1815 “Days of May” PeterlooMassacre, 1819

7. Congress System Congress of Vienna Congress of Aix-la-Chappelle, 1818 Congress of Troppau, 1820 Congress of Verona, 1822

8. Latin American Revolts Creoles vs. Penninsulares Simon Bolivar leads the revolts Monroe Doctrine

9. Decembrist Revolt in Russia Tsar Alexander I dies The army wants Constantine, not Nicholas as Tsar Nicholas attacks the army, and ushers in Autocracy, Orthodoxy, and Nationalism The Russian army refusing to take a loyalty oath to Nicholas

10. 1830s

11. Greek Independence Greece rebels against the Ottoman Turks with Russian & British support Independent in 1830, begins the cracks in the Congress System

12. France Charles X abdicates July Revolution, 1830 Bourgeoisie want a constitutional monarchy Louis Philippe takes over as a constitutional monarch Charles X Louis-Philippe King Charles X (r. 1824-1830)

13. Belgium Independence, 1830 Leopold I, King of the Belgians

14. Poland Rebells Against the Russians!

15. Reform in Great Britain Liberal Tories take power Parliament highly unrepresentative of new demographics due to the Industrial Revolution Reform Bill of 1832 Increased representation for towns & cities Voters must own property Other laws – 1833 slavery banned, 1834 – Poor Law, Factory Act of 1833, Mines Act of 1842, Ten Hours Act of 1847

16. Chartism People's Charter Annual election of House of Commons Universal adult male suffrage Secret ballot No property qualifications Rejected and failed The Great Chartist Meeting at Kennington Common, 1848

17. Triumph of the Liberal Bourgeiosie From 1815 – 1848, the bourgeiosie dominated politics and society i.e. - the Cotton Lords Incredible rise in national income as the Industrial Revolution spread to Europe The working class was completely excluded from government Manchester School Property limitations for voting This will bread resentment & a desire for change

18. Europe in 1848

19. Summary Citizens began to demand increased participation in government The Great Powers, through the Congress System, tried to prevent this development Revolutions of 1830 broke the Congress System Britain will give more rights to the people Will prevent the upcoming revolutions