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The mechanisms of photo-conversion in SiPM

April 29-30, 2013. The mechanisms of photo-conversion in SiPM. Elena Popova Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute. Corsica meeting on fast timing. pixel. h . R 50 . substrate. U  60V. Silicon Photomultiplier (Si PM ). Multipixel device with common readout.

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The mechanisms of photo-conversion in SiPM

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  1. April 29-30, 2013 The mechanisms of photo-conversion in SiPM Elena Popova Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute Corsica meeting on fast timing

  2. pixel h R 50 substrate U60V Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) Multipixel device with common readout • Each pixel – reverse biased above breakdownp-n-junction operated in selfquenching Geiger mode Lets consider the way for SiPM signal Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  3. The way of signal. 1D E 13 m 1m - + p n Ubias R • Photoeffect (light absorption) - 0 time • Diffusion inside undepleted region (0 fields) - =L2/D D=38cm2/c L=1m 250ps • Drift in depleted region (low fields) 107 cm/c – saturated e- velocity x=3mt30ps • Avalanche build up (high fields) – several times*(3) T100ps Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  4. 0 4 3 depth d, m Delay, ps FWHM, ps Jitter component 2 Current, A 1) 0.1 25 70 2) 0.3 60 150 3) 0.5 120 200 4) 1.0 300 450 1 0 200 400 600 Time, ps 1D simulation by using ISE TCAD. Diffusion from entrance window. Laser pulse 10ps 400 nm (x0=100nm) Fixed intensity Reverse biased pn-junction Doping distribution and build-in fields are not constant Should be weak sensitivity to applied voltages (depletion region should not changes much) Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  5. Diffusion from substrate Should be weak sensitivity to applied voltages (depletion region should not changes much) Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  6. Impact ionization in high electric fields • electron •  hole Ionization coefficient Avalanche build up 1D Average number of ionization along carrier trajectory on unit lenght Speed of avalanche build up depends from applied voltages and depletion region depth Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  7. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  8. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  9. All mentioned above points for 2D(3D) case • 1 and 2 – different • diffusion • Drift • Avalanche build up 2 1 • areas in pixel: • Active central part of pixel • Pixel’s perifery • Interpixels area Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  10. Avalanche build up 3D Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  11. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  12. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  13. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  14. Avalanche build up 3D Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  15. Kj – vertical speed u0 - transversal speed Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  16. Jitter should not depends on overvoltage! Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  17. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  18. Current inside pixel Cpixel Model Corsi with Transversal current expansion Model for current expantion I throw RL = 8mV/50OhM=160A Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  19. 1 2 • Waveforms: • Single pixel • One pixel from 1x1mm2 SiPM the same topology Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  20. 3x3mm2 4* 3x3mm2 Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  21. SPICE N=1000 pixels. Different Cfast Current inside pixel Current on load Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  22. 1x1mm2 Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  23. SiPM readout SiPM is a system of connected together pixels with one common readout pad Metal buses – delay lines Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  24. 1 2 Out-put Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  25. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  26. SiPM signal delay dependence on the SiPM chip area Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  27. Timing by 5x5mm2 SiPM: a single phe resolution Fig.’s below show the impact of SiPM size(size of one pixel and SiPM itself)on single phe resolution FWHM for SiPMs 1x1mm2(pixel size 25mkm) and 5x5mm2(pixel size 100mkm) Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  28. Single µ-cell (100µm x 100µm) time resolution: 89 ps For 1mm x 1mm size SiPM the time response is practically the same as for the single µ-cell Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  29. Single pixel response (MEPHI) Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  30. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  31. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  32. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  33. Main SiPM’s parameters. Jitter vs light intensity. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & PARTICLE PHYSICSProceedings of the 7th International Conference on ICATPP-7Villa, Olmo, Como, Italy, 15 - 19 October 2001 B.Dolgoshein et al.“THE ADVANCED STUDY OF SILICON PHOTOMULTIPLIER” Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  34. SUMMARY How we obtain a signal from SiPM 1D case • Photoeffect (0 time delta-function) • Diffusion in undepleted regions • Drift in depleted region • Vertical build-up 2D(3D) difference center-edge • Transversal expansion Electrical signal propagation • Total number of pixels in SiPM • Signal readout • Pixel position Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  35. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  36. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  37. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  38. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  39. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  40. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  41. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  42. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  43. MPPC 1x1 IRST 1x1 Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

  44. Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013

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