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Mrs. Clark

Mrs. Clark. Atoms , Solubility and the Periodic Table. Matter. Anything that has a mass and a volume. Atoms. The building blocks of Matter Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), and Neutrons (N ). All atoms of the same element have the same properties. Elements.

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Mrs. Clark

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  1. Mrs. Clark Atoms , Solubility and the Periodic Table

  2. Matter • Anything that has a mass and a volume

  3. Atoms • The building blocks of Matter • Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), • and Neutrons (N). • All atoms of the same element have the same properties Elements • Consists of only one kind of atom, • Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means

  4. Molecules • A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements, that are chemically bound together. • In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms • (N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen molecule .

  5. Compounds • Atoms of two or more different elements bound together. • Can be separated into elements chemically, but not physically. In the animation above, water (H20) is a compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.

  6. Solutions • Solutions are groups of molecules that are mixed up in a completely even distribution.

  7. Solute • The substance to be dissolved. Solvent • The one doing the dissolving. Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com

  8. Solubility • Solubility is the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific volume of solvent under certain conditions • Depends on the chemical nature of the solvent • Depends on the temperature of solute and solvent • The most common solvent is water

  9. Making a Solution

  10. Boiling Point • Boiling Point is the temperature at which liquid boils • Each pure substance has a specific boiling point • Examples: • B.P. of Water =100◦ C • B.P. of Nitrogen = -195.79◦C • B.P. of Silver = 2162◦C • B.P. of Carbon = 4072◦C

  11. Melting Point • Melting Point is the specific temperature when melting occurs • Change from solid to a liquid • Each pure substance has it’s own melting point • Ex. • M.P. of Water = 0◦ C • M.P of Nitrogen = -209.9◦C • M.P. of Silver = 961.63◦C • M.P. of Carbon = 3500.0◦C

  12. Density • Density is a comparison of how much matter there is in a certain amount of space. • Ex. People in a square

  13. Periodic Table • Is a tabular display of the chemical elements, organized on the basis of their properties • Elements are arranged left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number • Developed by Dmitri Mendeleev

  14. Columns • Called “Groups” or “Families” • There are 18 groups number 1-18 • Elements in the same group or family have similar characteristics or properties.

  15. Rows • The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods. • There are 7 periods numbered 1-7 • Elements in a period are not alike in properties. • The first element in a period is usually an active solid, and the last element in a period is always an inactive gas.

  16. Interpreting the Periodic Table

  17. Atomic Number • The number of protons in an atom is referred to as the atomic number of that element.

  18. Atomic Mass • The atomic mass is the average mass of an element in atomic mass units ("amu"). 

  19. Mass Number • The sum of the protons and neutrons that make up that nucleus.

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