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Introductory Clinical Pharmacology Chapter 23 Sedatives and Hypnotics

Introductory Clinical Pharmacology Chapter 23 Sedatives and Hypnotics. Introduction to Sedatives and Hypnotics. “Hypnotic” Drug that induces drowsiness or sleep; Usually given at night or hour of sleep (HS) “Sedative”

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Introductory Clinical Pharmacology Chapter 23 Sedatives and Hypnotics

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  1. Introductory Clinical PharmacologyChapter 23Sedatives and Hypnotics

  2. Introduction to Sedatives and Hypnotics • “Hypnotic” • Drug that induces drowsiness or sleep; Usually given at night or hour of sleep (HS) • “Sedative” • Drug that produces a relaxing, calming effect. Usually given given during day time hours • 3 Classes • Barbiturates • Non-Barbiturates • Benzodiazepines

  3. Medications to Recognize: Sedatives and Hypnotics • Benzodiazepines • temazepam (Restoril) • flurazepam (Dalmane) • Non-Benzos • eszopiclone (Lunesta) • zolpidem tartrate (Ambien) • Barbituates • Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

  4. Sedatives and Hypnotics: Actions and Uses • Actions: Nervous system depression; mood alteration; hypnosis; deep coma • Used as adjuncts for anesthesia; preoperative sedation; conscious sedation

  5. Sedatives and Hypnotics: Adverse Reactions • Nervous system reactions • Dizziness, drowsiness, and headache • Gastrointestinal (GI) reaction • Nausea

  6. Nursing Process: Assessment • Preadministration assessment • Identify and record vital signs and assess the patient’sneeds • Evaluate the patient’slevel of consciousness and general mental state

  7. Nursing Process: Assessment (cont’d) • Ongoing assessment • Assess the vital signs and level of consciousness each time before administering the drug • Check if drug helped patient sleep on previous nights • Consult primary health care provider regarding time interval between administration of drugs

  8. Nursing Process: Evaluation • The therapeutic effect is achieved; sleep pattern improved • Adverse reactions are identified, reported, and managed • Patientverbalizes an understanding of what to avoid while taking drug

  9. End of Presentation

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