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Regulatory Challenges Following A Major Safety or Security Event September 22, 2011. Overview. Effective responses An established regulatory framework Highly-skilled, trained personnel Effective communication Lessons learned Shared responsibilities U.S. NRC Other federal agencies
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Regulatory Challenges Following A Major Safety or Security EventSeptember 22, 2011
Overview • Effective responses • An established regulatory framework • Highly-skilled, trained personnel • Effective communication • Lessons learned • Shared responsibilities • U.S. NRC • Other federal agencies • Private sector licensees • State and local authorities • The public
Major Safety and Security Events • Domestic nuclear crisis • Three Mile Island accident • Non-nuclear events • September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks • International events • Fukushima Dai-ichi accident • Potential events • Davis Besse vessel head degradation • Recent Midwest flooding and East Coast earthquake
Three Mile IslandAccident • 1979 accident • Single greatest learning experience for the U.S. NRC and nuclear industry • Human performance • Critical for plant safety • Need for better operator training and response procedures • Emergency planning and response • Institutional changes to the NRC itself • Established as key tenet of defense-in-depth philosophy
September 11th Attacks • Non-nuclear event • Heightened threat environment • Dynamic, evolving threats • Safety-security interface • Implementation challenge, given extensive new security requirements • Emergency planning • Adjustments to address unique challenges raised by hostile actions
Fukushima Dai-ichiAccident • Safety review • Systematic and methodical review • Task Force recommendations • Emergency response • Different sets of procedures in place • Integrated approach • Emergency planning • Multi-unit events • Station blackout
Communication Challenges • Potential for immense public, media, and political attention • 24-hour news cycle • Greater demand for information • Greater potential for misinformation • Credibility is always critical • Openness and transparency • Sound, accurate information • Clear, consistent, and coordinated messages from government officials
Conclusion • Strong, independent national regulators • Effective institutions and programs • Well-trained, dedicated personnel • Continuous learning • Many lessons have been learned • There is always more to learn • International cooperation • Important benefits • Open exchange of information • IAEA’s important coordinating role