What is Immigration?

1. What is Immigration? Immigration is the movement of people from one country or region to another in order to make a new home.

2. What is an immigrant? An immigrant is a person who moves from one country or region to another in order to make a new home.

3. Why do people move? People immigrate because of push factors or pull factors.

4. Push Factors:Why leave home? • Persecution because of religion Examples: Jews, Mennonites and Doukhobors of Russia • Persecution because of culture • Compulsory military service • Inability to buy their own land • Overcrowding on small plots of land. Lots too small to make much $; land too poor to grow much • Unemployment

5. Push Factors (cont.) • Wars • High crime rate e.g. Mexico • Natural disaster e.g. Haiti • Poor education system • Inability to get citizenship • Poor health care • No freedom

6. Who left their country when and what pushed them Who WhenNumberWhyIrish                      1840s-1850s       1.5 Million     Potato crop failure and famineGermans               1840s-1880s       4 Million        Economic depression,                                                                                         unemployment and political instabilityDanes,                  1870s-1900s      1.5 Million     Poverty and shortage of farmlandNorwegians, and SwedesPoles                       1880s-1920s     1 Million        Poverty, political repression, and a cholera epidemicJews from               1880s-1920s    2.5 Million       Religious persecutionEastern EuropeAustrians,                1880s-1920s    4 Million           Poverty and overpopulationCzechs,Hungarians, and SlovaksItalians                     1880s-1920s   4.5 Million        Poverty and overpopulationMexicans                 1910-1920s    700,000          Mexican Revolution in 1920;                                                                                           low wages and unemployment Source: World Book Encyclopedia

7. Anniversary of Operation Stork: Ministers Kenney and Oda meet with some of the families helped by the special initiative, January, 2010 Program to transport Haitian children cleared by the Government of Haiti for adoption following the earthquake

8. Syria Refugees

9. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau

10. Trudeau and Wynne

11. Story #1What is pushing Li’s family to leave China? My father came to Canada in 1912 to search for a better life. There were no jobs in our small village of Goon Do Hung in southern China. My father needed money to take care of his new family and his widowed mother. When he first arrived in Canada, he did any kind of job he could get. After a while, he became an apprentice in a friend's herbal store. Father came home once or twice that I could remember. He could never stay long because he had to go back to Canada to work. He never mentioned that someday that he wanted to take us to Canada, but he was thinking about it. On his last visit home, he was sad at how poor the villagers were. They made a living by planting rice crops. People were so poor that no one had milk to drink or had much meat to eat. Almost no one had ever learned to read or write. So my father decided that his family must immigrate to Canada to have a better life. When we decided to leave, it was 1933. I was only seven years old. From Li Keng Wong published at http://www.scholastic.com

12. Story #2What is pushing Seymour’s family to leave Poland? My name is Seymour Rechtzeit and I was born in Lódz, Poland, in 1912. My family is Jewish, and I first began singing in our temple. By the time I was four, I was called wunderkind, or wonder child in English. Soon I was singing in concerts all over Poland. My family decided that I should come to Canada, where there would be more opportunities for me. World War I had just ended, and it was a bad time in Europe. I had an uncle in Canada, and he sent two tickets for my father and me. The rest of my family stayed in Poland. The plan was that my father and I would make enough money to bring them to Canada too. In Danzig, now known as "Gdansk," we boarded a ship called The Lapland. It was 1920, and I was on my way to Canada. From Seymour Rechtzeit published at http://www.scholastic.com

13. Pull Factors:Why Canada? • Lots of land (free in 1900s) • Advertising campaign • Free health care • Good education • Well paid jobs • Peaceful country: low crime rate • No military service requirement • Freedom of religion, language • Clean air and water • Family reunification

14. Ad #1 This ad from 1890 says, “Canada, 160 acres of free land for every settler” How is this ad trying to pull people to Canada? Ad From: http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/legacy/chap-2.html

15. Ad #2How is this ad trying to pull people to Canada? Ad from: http://www.saskschools.ca/~lyndale/canweb.html

16. Why leave Toronto? • Change of family situation • Loss of job • Dirty air • High rents/ housing costs • Traffic congestion

17. What’s pulling people to other places in Canada? • Educational opportunities • New job • Better climate • Family reunification • Better housing for less $ • New friends

18. Legal Immigration • Federal skilled workers • Canadian Experience Class (12,000 max) • Family sponsorship • Start-up visas (minimum investment of $200,000) • Self-employed (including farmers) • Live-in caregivers • Refugees

19. Family Sponsorship If you are a Canadian citizen or permanent resident, you may sponsor: • your spouse, common-law partner or conjugal partner • dependent children • parents • grandparents

20. Refugees • Persons in need of protection within or outside Canada who fear persecution or are at risk if they go back to their home country • Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tP_2AkGOrU&list=PLDC705438C908995C&index=3 • Referrals from United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Canada: A History of Immigration http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/games/teachers-corner/refugee/flash.asp

21. What do these people have in common?

22. Special Canadian Citizenship Malala Yousafzai joined five other courageous and historic figures in 2013 when Canada confered honorary citizenship on the 16-year-old Pakistani girl. Malala joined the distinguished ranks of Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, Nelson Mandela, The Dalai Lama, Aung San Suu Kyi and The Aga Khan. "Our government will bestow honorary citizenship on Malala Yousafzai who courageously advocates for human rights and freedom against the backdrop of Taliban extremism and oppression."

23. Immigration Myths http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/department/media/facts/index.asp Santa Claus’ citizenship re-affirmation at a special citizenship ceremony in Calgary. December 22, 2010