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Tolstoy, Folk Tales, and Theme. “What Men Live By”. Folk Tales. Folklore can be divided into four areas of study: Artifacts Oral Tradition Culture Behavior/Rituals
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Tolstoy, Folk Tales, and Theme “What Men Live By”
Folk Tales • Folklore can be divided into four areas of study: • Artifacts • Oral Tradition • Culture • Behavior/Rituals • Popularity springs from their imaginative characters, their supernatural elements, their focus on action, their simple sense of justice, their happy endings, and the fundamental wisdom they contain • We want to draw connections to how Tolstoy uses folklore to validate cultural norms
Folk Tale Focus • Characters • Characters are either completely good or entirely evil-and those characteristics are clear • Motivation is singular-one overriding desire overwhelms them (greed, love, fear, hatred, jealousy) • The main character is often isolated or left alone to handle challenges on their own
What’s It All About? • Themes are generally simple-but pack a punch! • Detail the virtues of compassion, generosity, and humility • Can also show the dangers of vices like greed, selfishness, and excessive pride • Connection to Greek tragedy all falling back to the universal idea that wisdom comes through suffering (For every benefit there is a condition, nothing in life comes without strings attached, responsibilities to be met, and bargains to be kept
Beauty is in the Details • Language is economical • Dialogue is used to convey emotion rather than description • Motifs (recurring thematic elements) are everywhere! • Powerful visual images • Element of supernatural, magic, or otherworldliness
And How Does This Relate to Tolstoy? • We are always aiming to draw connections between the text we are reading to ourselves, the world or other pieces/types of literature • Knowing his inspiration-why would folktales inform his style of writing? • What is the role of folklore in Russian culture? How would they influence Tolstoy? • Drawing comparisons-how universal are the pieces of folktales and of Tolstoy’s writings? • Why are these motifs, themes, and moral explorations so important to have repeated? • What are the connections that you see?