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Platyhelminthes

Platyhelminthes. Platy = flat Helminth = worm. Taxonomy. Kingdom Animalia Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria Class Trematoda Class Cestoda (planarians) (flukes) (tapeworm). Platy = flat Helminth = worm Flatworms flatworm biology. General Characteristics.

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Platyhelminthes

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  1. Platyhelminthes Platy = flat Helminth = worm

  2. Taxonomy Kingdom Animalia Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria Class Trematoda Class Cestoda (planarians) (flukes) (tapeworm)

  3. Platy = flat • Helminth = worm • Flatworms • flatworm biology

  4. General Characteristics • Body is flattened dorsoventrally (from back to belly) • Acoelomates: have no true body cavity • Most are parasitic but a few are free-living • Three body layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm • Cephalization: sensory organs are clustered ahead region • Simplest animals with bilateral symmetry

  5. Body Plan • Three body layers • Digestive cavity • Bilateral symmetry • Acoelomates • Have only 1 body opening- no anus

  6. Digestion • 2-way digestive tract • Free-living: food enters through the mouth and pharynx • Parasitic: suckers take in predigested food – no digestion is needed

  7. Circulation and Respiration • No circulatory system • Gases diffuse through skin • FLAME CELLS: cells that circulate water and nutrients

  8. Sensory organs • Eyespots (in some) • Ganglia (bundles of nerves) • Nerve cords

  9. Movement • Secrete mucus and use cilia on their ectoderm layer to glide along surfaces • Use muscle contractions to twist and turn • flatworm moving

  10. Reproduction • All are hermaphrodites that do NOT fertilize their own eggs (except tapeworms) • All can reproduce sexually as well • Asexual: budding, fission, regeneration • Sexual: monoecious but don’t fertilize their own eggs

  11. Ecological Importance • Most are parasitic (Endoparasites) • Free-living forms live in water and are a food source for many other animals

  12. Class Turbellaria • Planarians and marine flatworms • All are free-living • Live in all water environments (lakes, ponds, oceans etc.) • Planarians worlds weirdest

  13. Class Trematoda • Flukes • All are parasitic • Found in warm, tropical areas • Can make people extremely sick or even cause death • snail parasites • blood flukes

  14. Intestinal fluke

  15. Liver Fluke

  16. Class Cestoda • Tapeworms • All are endoparasites • Live in the intestines of mammals • Has a scolex and hooks to attach to the host • Contracted by eating undercooked meat • tapeworms • tapeworm2 • tyrabanks • human parasites

  17. Videos • parasites in fish • parasite in eye • Platyhelminthes • mind controlling parasites

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