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National Report by Australia

Detailed overview of Australian Voluntary Observing Fleet, meteorological instrumentation, XBT SOOP, data collection systems, and research development submitted to SOT-IV in Geneva, Switzerland, by Australian agencies.

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National Report by Australia

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  1. National Report by Australia SOT-IV 16-21 April 2007, Geneva, Switzerland Graeme Ball Australian Bureau of Meteorology with input from Ann Gronell (CSIRO), Krystyna Jankowska and Martin Rutherford (DODC)

  2. Outline • Participating Agencies. • Australian Voluntary Observing Fleet. • Australian XBT SOOP. • Complementary Programs to SOOP. • Port Meteorological Agents. • Awards and Certificates. • Goodwill. • Challenges and Difficulties. • Research and Development. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  3. Participating National Agencies Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  4. Australian Voluntary Observing Fleet • Comprises Australian and foreign-owned ships recruited to take, record and transmit weather observations whist at sea, but predominantly in the Australian region. • Goals of the AVOF: • To maintain a fleet of 100 ships supplying an average of 2 obs per day, per ship. • To provide real-time surface meteorological data of a high quality to support the Bureau’s marine services, climate analysis and research, and end-user applications. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  5. 75 % Status of the AVOF (as at 31 Dec 2006) Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  6. AVOF Observations Sent on the GTS ~41500 BBXX from the AVOF sent on the GTS in 2006 (Not shown: ~3800 BBXX sent as SHIP from 38 RAN vessels) Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  7. AVOF Observing Program Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  8. AVOF Meteorological Instrumentation * Set to read station level pressure Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  9. TurboWin • Re-packaged by the Bureau to include: • Bureau-prepared Installation Manual; • Bureau-prepared User Guide; • International PMO contact details; • List of LES that accept SAC41; • AU and NZ Radiofax Schedules; and • AU Radiofax Brochure; • Configuration sheet: • Record the ship’s TurboWin setup parameters; and • Left onboard with the installation CD in case the software needs to be re-installed. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  10. ShipAWS • Remotely sensed: • AP, AT, RH, SST; and • Apparent WS and WD. • Derived values: • DP, WB, PT; and • True WS and WD. • Manual input of visual elements: • Cloud, weather, visibility, sea, swell. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  11. MILOS 500 Data Collection and Processing System INSIDE BOX50S Equipment Enclosure HMP 45D Humidity probe and RTDtemperature probe inside DTR 13 Radiation Shield Wind Vane WAV 151 Anemometer WAA 151 Cross Arm WAC 151 PTB 220B Barometric pressure transmitter installed on ship’s bridge Data from Ship’s compass Koden gyro interface GRA-20A Gyro type _Tokyo Keiki Model 5000 RS232 Standard/RS422 RS232 RS232 CapSat TT-3020B Iridium Modem RS232 Inbuilt GPS Inside the AWS ShipAWS SYSTEM DIAGRAM UPPER AIR AND MARINE LAB, SRUM JULY 2004 Sea Surface Temperature RS232 ‘Yourlink’ console on Ships bridge Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  12. ShipAWS Console Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  13. VOS Quality Monitoring Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  14. Marine Climatological Summaries Scheme • MQCS compliant QC applied to the GTS real-time BBXX before archival in the Bureau’s climate database. • Software under development in support of the MCSS: • Ingest of TurboWin IMMT log files; • Recover data not received in real-time from the GTS; and • Produce an archive file in IMMT-3 format for the MCSS. • Plan will be to submit quarterly datasets to the GCCs. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  15. Australian XBT SOOP • Comprises Australian and foreign-owned ships recruited to routinely sample the upper 1000m of the ocean. • Goals of Australian XBT SOOP: • To sample the XBT lines in accordance with the requirements set by expert panels for GCOS/GOOS and supplemented by national requirements. • To provide timely and high quality upper-ocean thermal (UOT) data to support oceanographic research, climate analysis and research, defence and fisheries. • To meet agreed national and international obligations, and to advance national interests in, and through the exchange of physical oceanographic data. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  16. Australian XBT SOOP (cont) • National Coordination: • Annual National SOOP Coordination Panel (NSCP) meetings involving the Bureau, CSIRO, RAN, DODC and JAFOOS; and • Bi-monthly UOT meetings involving the Bureau and JAFOOS. • Probes Supply: Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  17. Status of the Australian XBT SOOP * Austral Summer only. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  18. Shipboard XBT System Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  19. Devil XBT System Bureau’s implementation of the Devil XBT Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  20. BATHY on the GTS in 2006 Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  21. Delayed-Mode XBT Data in 2006 Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  22. Exchange of XBT Datasets • Bureau and CSIRO: • Annual submission of UOT datasets to NODC and DODC; • Inter-agency exchange; and • Datasets distributed in MEDS-ASCII format with international QC flags appended. • DODC: • ‘Good’ raw profiles sent to NODC annually; and • Dataset in MarineXML format, including RNZN data. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  23. JAFOOS • Provides scientific QC of the Bureau’s delayed-mode XBT data. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  24. } By CSIRO on IX28 Complementary Programs to SOOP • Argo Australia: • Partnership established in 2001 between the Bureau and CSIRO (additional contributions provided by the ACE-CRC* and RAN); • Annual meeting held jointly with the NSCP; and • Floats deployed in the eastern Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, Coral Sea and Tasman Sea. • Multi-Disciplinary Sampling: • Sea-surface temperature and salinity; • Atmospheric and surface ocean carbon; and • Fluorescence and pigments. * Antarctic Climate and Ecosystem Cooperative Research Centre Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  25. Port Meteorological Agents • Fremantle, Melbourne and Sydney: • Part-time contractors; • Full range of PMO services to the AVOF and global VOF; • Ship-greetings to the Bureau’s XBT SOOP; and • Regular support to other Bureau marine programs. • Other capital city and provincial ports: • Full-time Bureau Regional Office and Field Office staff; • Limited range of PMO services, generally ‘on-request’; and • Occasional support to other Bureau marine programs. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  26. 3 3 1 25 (1) 22 (2) 1 18 (4) 6 Distribution of AVOF and (XBT) ships at 31 Dec 2006 Port Meteorological Agents (cont) Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  27. Port Meteorological Agents (cont) Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  28. Awards and Certificates • Bureau – Ship’s Excellence Award • Maximum of 2 Ship’s Awards per year per PMA; • Member of the AVOF with minimum of five years service; and • High standard of observations for at least the last five years. • VOSClim – Certificate of Participation • Presented to each ship recruited to the AU VOSClim fleet. • SOT – Certificate of Appreciation • Reserved for the XBT SOOP (and possibly VOSClim) ships; but • No awards yet due to the high turn-over of ships. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  29. Goodwill • Bureau/AMOS Calendar. • Christmas Card. • Bureau of Meteorology Cap. • Ocean Views Newsletter. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  30. Challenges and Difficulties • Volatility in the shipping industry – high turnover. • Ship safety and security. • Request for payment to make VOS observations. • Communication with non-English speaking crews. • Missed observations due to other ship’s commitments. • Introduction of the Devil XBT – QC and formats. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  31. Research and Development • MCSS software development. • Tested IMMT-3 & BBXX generated by RAN’s RAIDEN. • New release of Devil XBT due mid-2007. • MQUEST by CSIRO for delayed-mode XBT QC. • Electronic transfer of delayed-mode XBT data from RAN ships. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

  32. Australian National Report to SOT-IV, Geneva

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