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Wireless Internet Performance Research

Explore Dr. Carey Williamson's research on wireless internet technologies, MAC protocol design, network traffic measurement, and more at the University of Calgary. Learn about the evolution of wireless web infrastructures and the quest for ubiquitous access to information anytime, anywhere.

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Wireless Internet Performance Research

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  1. Wireless InternetPerformance Research Carey Williamson iCORE Professor Department of Computer Science University of Calgary www.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/~carey carey@cpsc.ucalgary.ca

  2. Application: supporting network applications and end-user services FTP, SMTP, HTTP, DNS, NTP Transport: end to end data transfer TCP, UDP Network: routing of datagrams from source to destination IPv4, IPv6, BGP, RIP, routing protocols Data Link: hop by hop frames, channel access, flow/error control PPP, Ethernet, IEEE 802.11b Physical: raw transmission of bits Application Transport Network Data Link Physical Internet Protocol Stack 001101011...

  3. The Wireless Web • The emergence and convergence of these technologies enable the “wireless Web” • the wireless classroom • the wireless workplace • the wireless home • My iCORE mandate: design, build, test, and evaluate wireless Web infrastructures • Holy grail: “anything, anytime, anywhere” access to information (when we want it, of course!)

  4. Research Interests • Wireless Internet Technologies • MAC Protocol Design • Network Traffic Measurement • Workload Characterization • Traffic Modeling • Network Simulation • Web Performance

  5. Wireless Internet Technologies • Mobile devices (e.g., notebooks, laptops, PDAs, cell phones, wearable computers) • Wireless network access • Bluetooth (1 Mbps, up to 3 meters) • IEEE 802.11b (11 Mbps, up to 100 meters) • IEEE 802.11a (55 Mbps, up to 20 meters) • Operating modes: • Infrastructure mode (access point) • Ad hoc mode

  6. Example: Infrastructure Mode cnn.com Internet Access Point (AP) Carey

  7. Example: Ad Hoc Mode • Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Sean Carey

  8. Example: Ad Hoc Mode • Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Sean Carey

  9. Example: Ad Hoc Mode • Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Sean Carey

  10. Example: Ad Hoc Mode • Multi-hop “ad hoc” networking Sean Carey

  11. MAC Protocol Design • Identify performance problems in wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols • Examples: IEEE 802.11b WLANs • Unfairness problems [Xiao MSc 2004] • Effects of node mobility [Bai 2004] • “Bad Apple” phenomenon [Cao 2004] • TCP on multi-hop ad hoc networks [Gupta 2004] • Multi-channel MAC protocols [Kuang 2004] • Multi-rate multi-channel protocols [Wu 2005]

  12. Network Traffic Measurement • Collect and analyze packet-level traces from a live network, using special equipment • Process traces, statistical analysis • Diagnose performance problems (network, protocol, application) 101101

  13. Example: tcpdump Trace 0.000000 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 60 TCP 4105 80 1315338075 : 1315338075 0 win: 5840 S 0.003362 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 60 TCP 80 4105 1417888236 : 1417888236 1315338076 win: 5792 SA 0.009183 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338076 : 1315338076 1417888237 win: 5840 A 0.010854 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 127 TCP 4105 80 1315338076 : 1315338151 1417888237 win: 5840 PA 0.014309 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 52 TCP 80 4105 1417888237 : 1417888237 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.049848 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417888237 : 1417889685 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.056902 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417889685 : 1417891133 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.057284 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417889685 win: 8688 A 0.060120 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417891133 win: 11584 A 0.068579 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417891133 : 1417892581 1315338151 win: 5792 PA 0.075673 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417892581 : 1417894029 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.076055 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417892581 win: 14480 A 0.083233 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417894029 : 1417895477 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.096728 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417896925 : 1417898373 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.103439 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 1500 TCP 80 4105 1417898373 : 1417899821 1315338151 win: 5792 A 0.103780 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417894029 win: 17376 A 0.106534 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417898373 win: 21720 A 0.133408 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 776 TCP 80 4105 1417904165 : 1417904889 1315338151 win: 5792 FPA 0.139200 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417904165 win: 21720 A 0.140447 192.168.1.201 -> 192.168.1.200 52 TCP 4105 80 1315338151 : 1315338151 1417904890 win: 21720 FA 0.144254 192.168.1.200 -> 192.168.1.201 52 TCP 80 4105 1417904890 : 1417904890 1315338152 win: 5792 A

  14. Example:TELUS Mobility Project • Data Template and Example – XYZ Platform Code Definition ==== ========== 20 FSCH Data Rate 21 FSCH Data Burst Start Time 22 FSCH Data Burst End Time 200 FSCH Active Set Report Time 21x FSCH Active Set Cell ID ('x' is a number) 22x FSCH Active Ste Sector ID ('x' is a number) 30 RSCH Data Rate 31 RSCH Data Burst Start Time 32 RSCH Data Burst End Time 300 RSCH Active Set Report Time 31x RSCH Active Set Cell ID ('x' is a number) 32x RSCH Active Ste Sector ID ('x' is a number) 40 FCH Data Start Time 41 FCH Data End Time 100 FCH Active Set Report Time 11x FCH Active Set Cell ID ('x' is a number) 12x FCH Active Ste Sector ID ('x' is a number) 50 IMSI 60 Frequency 70 SID • 50 000006048421781 • 51 0x804ce0401aa89666 • 70 16422 • 60 384 • 40 2004041375333.680 • 41 2004041375443.020 • 200 2004041375337.940 • 211 32 • 221 3 • 20 16 • 21 2004041375338.200 • 22 2004041375339.200 • 20 4 • 21 2004041375357.860 • 22 2004041375357.880 • 20 16 • 21 2004041375371.720 • 2004041375372.700

  15. Workload Characterization • Try to understand the salient features of network, protocol, application, and user behaviour on the Internet • Example: Web server workloads [Arlitt96] • Zipf-like document referencing behaviour • Lots of “one-time” referencing of documents • Heavy-tailed file size distributions • Self-similar network traffic profile • Session duration and call arrival process

  16. Traffic Modeling • Construct programs and statistical models that capture the empirically-observed network traffic behaviours • Allows flexible, controlled, repeatable generation of workloads for experiments • Examples: • Web client workload model • MPEG compressed video model • Self-similar Ethernet LAN traffic model • WebTraff GUI: Web proxy workload generator

  17. Example:Web Workload Generation

  18. Network Simulation • Use computer simulation to study the packet-level behaviour of the Internet, its protocols, its applications, and its users • Examples: • Improving Web performance over ADSL • Understanding the effects of user mobility on Mobile IP routing and protocol performance • Studying the design, scalability, and performance of Web server and Web proxy caching architectures

  19. Web Performance • Explore techniques to improve the performance and scalability of the Web • Examples: • Clustered Web servers • Load balancing policies • Web prefetching strategies • Web proxy caching architectures • Improvements to HTTP and TCP protocols

  20. Example:Web Server Benchmarking Client 1 Client 2 Client 3 Web Server ... Client C

  21. Summary • Wireless Internet Performance Lab (UofC) • Experimental Laboratory for Internet Systems and Applications (UofS/UofC,CFI) • iCORE Research Team: • Five full-time research staff (Web, perf. eval., simulation, wireless, traffic modeling, network measurement) plus 8 graduate students • Research Collaborations: • UofC, UofA, UofS, TRLabs, CS/ECE • HP, TELUS Mobility, SaskTel, Nortel… • Industrially-relevant experimental research on network protocol performance

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