HEALTH

1. HEALTH

2. Defining Health • Developmental health psychology is the study of the interaction of age, behavior and health • World Health Organization (WHO) • Physical, mental and social well- being

3. Factors contribute to health • Life style • Diet & nutrition • Exercise • Stress and coping • Environment

4. PHYSICAL HEALTH • Acute – physical problem occur in short period • chronic –physical problem occur in long period

5. CHRONIC DISEASE ISSUES • Loss abilities are not only due to chronic disease • Majority can do daily activities • The tendency to get other diseases are high • 4 interactive forces of development can help to understand disease situations

6. Life-Cycle Forces Biological forces Person Psychological forces Socioculturalforces

7. TYPE OF CHRONIC DISEASE • Arthritis • Osteoarthritis • Rheumatoid arthritis • Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular • Diabetes mellitus • Cancer

8. TYPE OF CHRONIC DISEASE • Incontinence • Stress incontinence • Urge continence • Overflow incontinence • Functional incontinence • Iatrogenic incontinence

9. MENTAL HEALTH • Mental health reflects the ability of an individual to deal with the issues of life in an effective way

10. Life is not something that happens to you, • Life is what you do when something happens to you

11. MENTAL HEALTH • Mentally health people possess the following characteristics • a positive self-attitude • an accurate perception of reality • environmental mastery • autonomy • personality balanced • psychological growth or self-actualization

12. MENTAL HEALTH • Psychopathology or mental disorders refers to the failure to achieve a satisfactory integration of one’s self into one’s usual social milieu • The study of psychopathology in adulthood and aging is not much the content of the behavior as its context, that is, whether it interferes with daily functioning

13. A Multidimensional Approach to Psychopathology • Interpersonal factors • the nature of a person’s relationship with other people is a key dimension in understanding how psychopathology is manifested in adults of different ages.

14. A Multidimensional Approach to Psychopathology • Intrapersonal factors • include such as age, gender, personality and cognitive abilities • all of these variables influence the behaviors that people exhibit and affect our interpretation

15. A Multidimensional Approach to Psychopathology • Biological and Physical Factors • Various chronic disease, limitation on functioning and other ailments can provide an explanation of behavior • Physical problems may provide clues about underlying psychological difficulties

16. A Multidimensional Approach to Psychopathology • Life cycle factors • How one behaves at any point in adulthood is strongly affected by one’s experiences and the issues one is facing • The meaning of particular symptoms may change with age.

17. A Multidimensional Approach to Psychopathology • Issues in clinical Assessment • Identification of mental disorders rests on accurate evaluation • Very few tests have been standardized with the elderly • Primary diagnostics guide - Diagnostics and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Revised (DSM-IV) does not provide different lists of symptoms for each disorder.

18. Types of psychopathology problem • Organic Brain Syndrome • Impaired Memory • Impaired Intellectual Capacity • Impaired Judgment • Impaired Orientation • Excessive or Shallow Emotions

19. Types of psychopathology problem • Dysfunctional acute brain • Metabolism disruption all over brain • Dysfunctional chronic brain • Alzheimer’s disease • Changes in the brain that characterize Alzheimer’s disease are microscopic • Multi-infarct dementia • Parkinson’s Disease

20. Types of psychopathology problem • Syndrome non-organic brain • Schizophrenia –impairment of thought process • Paranoid – delusional or hallucinatory persecutory ideas • Suicide • Hypochondrias • Alcoholic

21. Types of psychopathology problem • Depression • Feeling down or blues • Treatment • Antidepressant medication • Electroconvulsive therapy • Psychotherapy • Combined antidepressant medication and Psychotherapy

22. DIASABILITY IN LATE LIFE • One of the defining characteristics of a chronic condition is that it lasts a long time • Chronic disease typically involve some level of discomfort and physical limitation • In the context of chronic conditions, disabilities refers to the effect that chronic conditions have on people’s ability to engage in activities that are necessary, expected and personally desired in their society

23. EXTRA-INDIVIDUAL FACTORS • Medical care & rehabilitation • Medications & other therapeutic • External supports • Built, physical & social environment THE MAIN PATHWAY Functional limitations Pathology Impairments Disability • INTRA-INDIVIDUAL FACTORS • Lifestyle & behavior changes • Psychological attributes & coping • Activity accommodations RISK FACTORS