History Alive! Pursuing American Ideals The Age of Innovation and Industry:

1. History Alive! Pursuing American Ideals The Age of Innovation and Industry: CS 10: The rise of corporations, heavy industry, mechanized farming and technological innovations transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society.

2. Total 11 Points +2 +2 Reason 1 = + 1 Reason 2 = + 1 Correct Line Graph + 5

3. Capitalism/Capitalist • Definition: • An economic system in which factories, and other means of production are privately owned rather than government controlled. • Capitalist: • Provided financial backing for scientific research and new machinery

4. Heavy Industry Any industry that involves heavy products; large and heavy equipment and facilities, large machine tools, and huge buildings; or complex or numerous processes. • Then : • Steelmaking • Shipbuilding • Oil Refinery • Railroad/ locomotives • Mining

5. Heavy Industry NOW

6. The Bessemer Process A new method of converting iron to steel patented by Henry Bessemer • Involved blowing air through molten iron which removed it’s impurities • This made steel harder, stronger, and lighter than iron making it more preferred • This process also aloud steel to be produced more cheaply and quickly

7. Mechanized Farming • From the beginning of America until the IR, the U.S. was an agrarian country using farm animals to do the work.

8. With the onset of the IR, even farming became heavily mechanized. • Result = less Farm labor = move to cities for work

9. Cite 1 piece of Evidence from your notes that would help to explain this trend!

10. Total 11 Points + 1 + 1 + 2 Correct Line Graph + 5 + 2

11. Production Methods? Frederick Taylor: • Used scientific methods to analyze the production process • Time-and-motion studies • Determined the most efficient way to work quickly • Thus increasing productivity and profits

12. Small Group • List a few steps in the Industrialized fortune cookie making process. • For each step list a specific invention that was needed in order to complete that step of the process.

13. Industrial Growth Key Factors: Capital – any asset that can be used to produce an income including money, buildings, tools, and/or machinery

14. Which Vocabulary Term does this image represent?

15. Industrial Growth Corporations – a company that exists independently from the owners (investors) • Corporations would become known as “Big Business” • Unlike traditional businesses, big businesses were responsible to their investors and driven by profit.

16. Reducing Competition Monopoly – Company that completely dominates a particular industry (Standard Oil) Trusts – Set of companies managed by a small group to prevent them from competing with one another

17. Total +9 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 5 Bonus +2

18. Total 11 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 5

19. Horizontal Integration • Definition: • A corporate expansion strategy. • Involves joining together as many firms from the same industry as possible. John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil

20. Vertical Integration • Definition: • Corporate expansion strategy • Control of each step in the production and distribution of a product. • Acquiring raw materials to manufacturing, packaging, and shipping.

21. Laissez-Faire • Definition: • THE U.S. Economic Policy during the Age of Industrialization. • The idea that the GOVERNMENTdoes not need to REGULATE businesses. • free market, through supply and demand will regulateitself.

22. Pro’s and Con’s of Monopoly and L-F? PRO • Owners are experts in their industry • $$$ will “Trickle Down” • Social Darwinism = CON • Decrease Competition • Hurts Consumers • Higher Prices and Less Choice • Hurts Workers • Profit above Safety, Happiness, Job Security

23. According to the cartoon, how was the United States in the 1990s similar to the United States in the 1890s?

24. Castle Rock Entertainment Turner Network Television (TNT) Cartoon Network Hanna - Barbera Cartoons CNN Warner Bros. Studios Court TV HBO Movies Movies Television CNN Radio Time Warner Radio Cable Providers Internet Publishing Road Runner Time Warner Cable Kablevision (53.75% - cable television in Hungary) AOL Instant Messenger Winamp Fortune Sunset Books Time Netscape MapQuest Sports Illustrated Amazon.com (partial) People Mag. http://cjrarchives.org/tools/owners/timewarner.asp

26. Crash CourseNew and Knew

27. CS 10: I CAN… I can explain how the rise of corporations, heavy industry, mechanized farming and technological innovations transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society. You MUST explain 3 of the 4 categories using at LEAST 1 different piece of evidence for each.

28. CS 11.A: I can…explain the major social and economic effects of industrialization on society.

29. America in the Gilded Age • To cover with or as if with a thin layer of gold to give an often deceptively attractive or improved appearance to • Coined by Author Mark Twain To describe US In the Ind. Age

32. Industrialist: Good Guys or Bad Guys?(Entrepreneurs) How were entrepreneurs of the Industrial Age viewed by society?

33. 1. Captain of Industry?! A business leader whose way of achieving personal fortune contributes positively to the country in some way. Providing Jobs This can be through: Increasing Production Philanthropy

34. What is a Philanthropist?! Someone who makes large charitable donations ($$) to improve the well-being of others. Schools/ Universities This is often to: Hospitals/ Medicine Libraries

35. What is a Robber Baron?! A business man who dominated their industry and made huge fortunes through unfair, shady, ruthless business practices. This was done by: Treated workers poorly Sometimes used illegal business practices Eliminating smaller/weaker businesses

36. Andrew Carnegie: • Controlled the steel Industry • Brought the Bessemer Process from England -Steel production increased 500 times 1867-1900 -Workers went on STRIKE b/c of poor treatment and wages

37. Andrew Carnegie: Gospel of Wealth “A library outranks any other one thing a community can do to benefit its people. It is a never failing spring in the desert.” “The man who dies rich, dies disgraced.”

38. John D. Rockefeller • Had a reputation as a Robber Baron

39. John D. Rockefeller • Tried to control all businesses in the oil industry Sherman-Anti-Trust Act…S.C. declares Standard Oil a Monopoly

40. Cornelius Vanderbilt • Built a huge railroad empire through ruthless business tactics, • Had a reputation as a robber baron

41. Cornelius Vanderbilt • Left $1 million to Vanderbilt University after his death. • He is the 2nd wealthiest person in U.S. History

42. Videos • Robber Barons Sing Pharrell’s Happy • Who are the richest Americans EVER?