Nutritional Guides of National Team in preparing for Olympics – Past and Present

1. Nutritional Guides of National Team in preparing for Olympics – Past and Present XIE Minhao The National Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport of China 2019.10.26

2. Founding of Sports Nutrition Institution in the Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing University Third Hospital • In 1959, Professor CHEN Jidi founded the Sports Nutrition and Biochemistry Laboratory, the first research institution for sports nutrition in China in the Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing University Third Hospital. • To address nutritional issues of national athletes and their relationship with their exercise capacity, research projects are conducted on topics such as energy metabolism, sports anemia, rapid weight loss and long-term weight control, fluid replenishment during exercise and sports drinks, micronutrient requirements for athletes, the role of nutritional factors in the improvement of exercise capacity and their mechanism, the problem of high blood lipids among athletes, and the relationship between exercise and immunity.

3. Related Courses and Research Projects in Beijing Sport University • In 1956, Professor FENG Weiquan developed a course on exercise biochemistry in the Beijing Sport University and published the first teaching material on Exercise Biochemistry. Research were also conducted in the 1950s on sports nutrition and biochemistry and functional evaluation of athletes, incorporating sports competition events such as marathon and splinting. • Professor GAO Yancheng opened a course on Nutritional Science in the Beijing Sport University to educate students on sports nutrition.

4. Setting up of Sports Nutrition Research Institutions by the General Administration of Sport of China • The Sports Nutrition Research Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport of China（1987.7-） • National Test and Research Centre for Doping and Sports Nutrition (1994.8-) • National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition（2010.8-）

5. Research and Provision of Services Related to Sports Nutrition in National Teams • Recruitment, management and training of sports dietitians to form a team of specialists. Arrange specialists for the provision of education and medical consultation services in national teams. • National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition • Approval unit for examination exemption and Practice Teaching Base of Registered Dietitians, Chinese Nutrition Society (Exclusive in the sports training system) • Educating badminton players on nutritional knowledge • In-depth survey and research on China women's national volleyball team • Test for speed skaters • Introduction of smart dining table to President Bach • Training of sports dietitians for national teams • Educating figure skaters on wise eating

6. Education on Nutritional Knowledge Educating national women’s volleyball players on nutritional knowledge Educating national badminton players on nutritional knowledge

7. Education on Nutrition and Diet Educating figure skaters on wise eating Educating volleyball players on wise eating

8. Survey on Nutrition and Diet Conducting nutrition surveys in canteens for national team athletes

9. Sports Drinks and Sports Supplements • Sports Drinks: In 1984, Jianlibao became the first sports drink with alkaline electrolytes in China. A great hit following the Los Angeles Olympic Games of the same year, it was reputed to be “China’s Magic Water”. After that, juicy sports drinks started to enter into the market. Examples include Jianlibaokiwi drink and passion fruit sports drink. • Nutrient Supplements: Sugar, protein powder, amino acids, vitamins, electrolytes... • Natural products? American ginseng, Cordyceps; Konjacpowder…

10. Developing “Standards”

11. 研究成果

12. Nutrition Survey on Summer Games Athletes 2015 • Nutrition survey for national teams： • August to September, 2015 • Involving a total of 9 project management centers, 15 training bases, 36 sports teams, 17 dietary managers, 125 athletes and 117 coaches, etc. • Issues and challenges identified： • Unwise eating structure • Insufficient knowledge and emphasis on wise eating by athletes • Lack of guidance by nutritionists

13. Nutritional Problems of Winter Games Teams • Lack of quality research on nutritional support for Winter Games athletes • At present, research on energy metabolism and nutritional needs of athletes only covers a small number of Winter Games events, such as ski jumping, alpine skiing, and speed skating. • There is a lack of recommended standards for nutrient, nutritional strategies and support solutions addressing specifically the needs of Winter Games athletes. Current situation overseas Current situation in China • Only 5 Winter Games events are included in the Evaluation and Intervention Guide for Elite Athletes published in 2004 • 6 national teams playing in the Winter Games were studied in the Key Technological Research and Application Breakthroughs in Winter Games Key Events for China, under the National Scientific and Technological Support Projects of the Twelfth Five-Year

14. Challenges on Sports Nutritional Work in National Teams • Shortage of sports dietitians • Lack of systematic research on scientific, standardized, formalized and personalized nutritional support. • Athletes have insufficient sports nutritional knowledge and wise eating guide, as well as undesirable dietary preferences and habits • Lack of safe, practical and delicious instant food, meal replacements and sports nutrition food products • Unintentional doping: Clenbuterol, Higenamine…

15. Corresponding Measures • Amendment of standards: Only 5 Winter Games events are included in the Evaluation and Intervention Guide for Elite Athletes published in 2004 • Scientific research: Equal emphasis on both Summer and Winter Games events • Recruitment of specialists: Recruiting first-class dietitians into the medical team, which strengthens both Chinese and overseas specialist teams • Updating the database: create health and nutrition profiles for athletes • Developing platforms: Develop smart platforms to facilitate management and guidance, such as in athletes’ canteens. • Expert guidance: Increase the number of visits and medical consultations provided to national teams • Precise support: provide personalized guidance to elite athletes • Popularization of knowledge: Promote athlete education on nutritional science

16. Research on key technologies of scientific dietary nutrition for winter games athletes Research and Application of Scientific Nutrition Intelligence System and Disease and Injury Prevention and Control System for Winter Games Athletes Research Contents：Through researches on characteristics of energy metabolism and nutritional requirement of winter games, study the new technology of nutritional status monitoring, set up standards of nutritional recommendations for winter games athletes, suggest the key technology in preparing nutritional strategies for winter games and realize smart applications, so as to apply the results into the training and competitions for athletes in Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympic Games. Topic 3 Research on key technology in preventing and curing sports injuries in winter games under the categories of “technical” and “intelligent and brave” Task 1.2 Research on the technologies of monitoring nutritional status of winter games athletes Topic Basis Monitoring technology Effective Protection Measures Task 1.1 Research on characteristics of energy metabolism and nutritional requirement of winter games Research Basis Topic 2 Research and application of sports nutrition food in winter games Task 1.2 Research on standards of nutritional recommendations for winter games athletes Assessment technology Topic 4 Research on key technologies in preventing and curing sports injuries in winter games under the categories of “racing” and “combat” Task 1.4 Research on key technologies of smart nutritional strategies for winter games Effective Supplementary Approaches Implementation technology Effective Protection Measures Technological output System support Topic 5 Research and application of the comprehensive healthcare and nutritional support system for the National teams

17. Research and Application of Scientific Nutrition Intelligence System and Disease and Injury Prevention and Control System for Winter Games Athletes Task 5：Research and application of the comprehensive healthcare and nutritional support system for the National teams Research contents: With the application of modern information and communication technology, the breakthrough of key technologies such as the standardizations of athlete health survey, healthcare service system of National teams, remote support by National team specialists, etc. is highlighted. These technologies are integrated in order to establish a comprehensive and intelligent healthcare and nutritional support system, which is applied in all National team training bases and Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympic Games preparations and competitions. Topic 3 Research on key technology in preventing and curing sports injuries in winter games under the categories of “technical” and “intelligent and brave” Technological output Technological output Topic 1 Research on key technologies of scientific dietary nutrition for winter games athletes Task 5.2 Standardization of healthcare service system of National teams Task 5.3 Remote support by National team specialists Task 5.1 Standardization of athlete health survey System support System support Standard input Platform support Technological input Platform support Standard input Platform support Technological input Topic 4 Research on key technologies in preventing and curing sports injuries in winter games under the categories of “racing” and “combat” Technological output Technological output Task 5.4 A comprehensive and intelligent healthcare and nutritional support system Topic 2 Research and application of sports nutrition food for winter games System support System support

18. Expected Socio-economic Benefits • Characteristics of energy metabolismand nutritional requirementin winter games • Recommended standards for nutrients and nutritional strategies; customization • Patterns of winter games sports injuries occurrence • Assist National team athletes in obtaining excellent results • Realize the upgradeof healthcare and nutritional support system of National teams • Cultivate a large no. of innovative sports talents • Provide technical support to the implementation of “Sports for all” and “Healthy China” strategies • A part of pilot result application in Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games • Demonstration of application in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympic Games • Multi-omicstechnology to monitor nutritional status • Key technologies of preventing and curing sports injuries • Integrated research on a comprehensive and smart platform • An smart management platform for winter games • Adopt the “Chinese medicine + Western medicine + Sports” approach, a newly created mode of sports injury diagnosis and treatment • Smart monitoring equipment for skill assessment and dietary guidelines • A real-time 5G healthcare platform • Sports nutrition food for winter games

19. Smart Nutrition Management in Athletes' Canteens • Establishment and operation of smart nutrition management equipment and data system in Shougang Canteen in Winter Sports Management Centre • Further upgrade of mobile apps Smart dining tables Smart Dining Table in Shougang Canteen Site visit of President Bach Catering Recommendations

20. Building of Sports Nutrition Teams • Collaborating with Chinese Nutrition Society, registered dietitians and sports dietitians. • Sports dietitians dispatched to athletes' canteens and sports teams • Building of specialist teams General Administration of Sport of China Sports Category No. [2019] (67) Notice of Establishment of Technological Expert Working Group for Tokyo Olympic Games by General Administration of Sport of China To all sports management centres, Chinese Football Association, Chinese Basketball Association, all pilot reform projects associations and all related parties: For the purpose of fully playing the role of the specialists in the technological assistance work for Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, as well as facilitating better guidance, assistance and service in preparation work, we decided to establish a Technological Expert Working Group for the preparation for Tokyo Olympic Games (hereinafter referred to as “The specialist group”). Under the specialist group there is a technological group and a medical nutrition group. We hereby notify the issues as follows: Name list of the specialist group (a) Director of the specialist group Director of Technological Group: Lianshi Feng, deputy director and research fellow of Sports Science Research Institute of the State Sports General Administration Director of Medical Nutrition Group: Minhao Xie, director and research fellow of Sports Science Research Institute of the State Sports General Administration (b) Deputy director of the specialist group Deputy director of Technological Group: Xiaoping Chen, Professor of Sports Science Research Institute of the State Sports General Administration • Sports Nutritions: • FENG Meiyun, Professor of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports • YANG Zeyi, Research fellow of Anti-doping Agency of General Administration of Sport of China • ZHANG Li, Research fellow of Sports Science Research Institute of General Administration of Sport of China • AN Nan, Research fellow of National Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport of China • YI Muqing, Research fellow of National Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport of China • CAO Jianming, Professor of Beijing Sport University • YANG Yuexin, Professor of Chinese Nutrition Society • YU Kang, Chief physician of Peking Union Medical College Hospital • DING Gangqiang, Research fellow of National Institute for Nutrition Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention • WANG Zhu, Research fellow of National Institute for Nutrition Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention • CHANG Cuiqing, Research fellow of Beijing University Third Hospital • AI Hua, Research fellow of Beijing University Third Hospital • SHI Xiaocai, Professor of United States General Administration of Sport of China – Training course for sports dietitians of Chinese national team 2018 2018.11.28-29 Beijing

21. Athlete Education on Nutritional Knowledge • The professional dietitian team visit multiple National team training bases and organize seminars on nutritional knowledge and consultations for athletes. Explaining the use of smart dining tables Lectures for Nordic Combined athletes of National teams “Nutrition is the new competitiveness”

22. Mobilizing all forces in serving the National teams • Enhancing international cooperation, such as through FIMS, ASN, etc. • Mobilizing all forces in providing technical assistance to National teams: scientific research institutes, food enterprises, etc.

23. Improving the nutritional and healthcare service system for athletes Nutritional protection system Hierarchical diagnosis and treatmentsystem International cooperation Specialist team 1. Team doctors (150) To accompany and serve the National team athletes in training bases 2. Sports hospitals Ensure daily healthcare services for the athletes; specialist clinics 3. Healthcare specialist groups (58) In-depth itinerant clinic services for sports teams; specialist consultation 4. Designated hospitals (8+2) Green channels for sudden, serious and difficult injuries to facilitate quick clinic visits 1.Sports dietitians (52) To accompany and serve the National team athletes in training bases 2.Sports nutrition centres Nutritional management, monitoring, research, instruction and training for National teams 3.Nutrition specialist group (13) Thorough itinerant clinic services, consultation and scientific dietary guidelines for sports teams Athletes Team doctors and dietitians Designated hospitals Real-time healthcare and nutrition management platform Smart service systems, workstations of team doctors, remote support by National team specialists, mobile apps(Dietary instruction system and management） The National Institute of Sports Medicine, General Administration of Sport of China Sports hospitals/Nutrition centres Comprehensive and intelligent healthcare and nutritional support system Health condition monitoring equipment, sleep tracking equipment, portable ultrasound, healthcare and nutritional service cars, etc. • The National Institute of Sports Medicine—Nutrition centres • The National Institute of Sports Medicine—Sports hospitals

24. In charge of medical works for Chinese teamsin all previous Asian and Olympic Games since 2000

25. Exchanging with people from the same industry in Hong Kong

26. Thank you!