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Poetic Meter and Rhyme

Poetic Meter and Rhyme. Rhythmic Readings. What Is Poetic Meter?. Poetic meter is a generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. It is like the rhythmic beat that draws you into music. Tyger! Tyger! burning bright In the forests of the night, What immortal hand or eye

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Poetic Meter and Rhyme

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  1. Poetic Meter and Rhyme Rhythmic Readings

  2. What Is Poetic Meter? • Poetic meter is a generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. • It is like the rhythmic beat that draws you into music. Tyger! Tyger! burning bright In the forests of the night, What immortal hand or eye Could frame thy fearful symmetry? from “The Tyger” by William Blake

  3. Stressed syllables are marked with a ( ). • ´ • Unstressed syllables are marked with a ( ). • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ˇ • mu-sic, for-mu-la • ˇ • ˇ • ´ • ´ • ˇ • ˇ • ˇ • ´ • in the yard, sing-ing in the rain • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ´ • At noon, the tel-e-phone rang. What Is a Poetic Foot? • A foot is a meter’s basic unit. A foot consists of one stressed syllable and usually one or more unstressed syllables.

  4. ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? from Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • Thou, when thou return’st, wilt tell me from “Song” by John Donne Basic Metrical Feet • The five basic metrical feet are • iamb—unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (da DAH) • trochee—stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable (DAH da)

  5. ´ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ´ • ´ • Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh, hear! from “Ode to the West Wind” by Percy Bysshe Shelley • ˇ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • On the twinkling grass from “To a Skylark” by Percy Bysshe Shelley Basic Metrical Feet • spondee—two stressed syllables (DAH DAH) • anapest—two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable (da da DAH)

  6. ´ • ˇ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • Like to the lark at the break of day arising from Sonnet 29 by William Shakespeare Basic Metrical Feet • dactyl—one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables (DAH da da)

  7. Counting Metrical Feet • To describe the number of feet in a line of poetry, use the following terms. • dimeter—two metrical feet per line • trimeter—three metrical feet per line • tetrameter—four metrical feet per line • pentameter—five metrical feet per line • hexameter—six metrical feet per line

  8. ´ • Step 1: Read through the poem, marking stressed ( ) and unstressed ( ) syllables. • ˇ Scansion: Analyzing Poetic Meter • Scansion is the act of analyzing poetic meter. To scan a poem, follow these steps. • Step 2: If possible, identify the type of foot used most often in each line (iamb, trochee, spondee, anapest, dactyl).

  9. Scansion: Analyzing Poetic Meter • Step 3: If the poem has a regular meter, count the number of feet per line to determine the name of the metrical pattern. • The metrical pattern consists of the name of the meter followed by the number of feet. • iambic pentameter, trochaic hexameter, dactylic trimeter, etc.

  10. ´ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ • ˇ • ´ Scanning a Poem • Had we but world enough, and time, • This coyness, Lady, were no crime. • We would sit down, and think which way • To walk, and pass our long love’s day. • from “To His Coy Mistress” by Andrew Marvell

  11. What Is Rhyme? • Rhyme is the musical quality produced through the repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words that are close together in a poem. The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followed free; We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea. from The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

  12. Types of Rhymes • End rhyme occurs at the ends of lines. Tyger! Tyger! burning bright In the forests of the night from “The Tyger” by William Blake • Internal rhyme occurs within lines. Out of the sea came he! And he shone bright, and on the right from The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

  13. Types of Rhymes • Approximate rhyme occurs when words sound similar but do not rhyme exactly. Willows whiten, aspens quiver, Little breezes dusk and shiver Through the wave that runs forever By the island in the river from “The Lady of Shalott” by Alfred, Lord Tennyson

  14. a b c b d d e e Identifying a Rhyme Scheme • The rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymed lines in a poem. Identify the rhyme scheme by giving each new end rhyme a new letter. Whate’er the theme, the Maiden sang As if her song could have no ending; I saw her singing at her work, And o’er the sickle bending;— I listen’d, motionless and still; And, as I mounted up the hill, The music in my heart I bore, Long after it was heard no more. from “The Solitary Reaper” by William Wordsworth

  15. Foot Iamb Meter Rhyme What Have You Learned? Match each term to its definition. Foot Meter Iamb Rhyme ________— The basic unit of meter ________— Unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable ________— A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables ________— Repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words that are close together

  16. The End

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