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Evolutionary Insights into Nonvascular and Vascular Seedless Plants BSC 2011L

Study the evolutionary relationships, life cycles, and adaptations of nonvascular and vascular seedless plants in the plant kingdom, from bryophytes to ferns. Understand the alternation of generations, gametophyte and sporophyte generations, and unique features of these plants. Explore the significance of structures like gemmae cups and sori in their life cycles.

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Evolutionary Insights into Nonvascular and Vascular Seedless Plants BSC 2011L

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  1. Nonvascular Plants and Seedless Vascular Plants BSC 2011L

  2. Plants • Domain Eukarya • Kingdom Plantae • “Bryophytes” - nonvascular seedless plants • Phylum Hepatophyta Liverworts • Phylum Anthocerotophyta Hornworts • Phylum Bryophyta Moss • “Vascular Seedless Plants” • Phylum Lycopodophyta Club Moss • Phylum Monilophyta Wisk fern • Phylum Monilophyta Horsetails • Phylum Monilophyta Ferns

  3. Evolutionary relationships of plants • Review Fig 16.1

  4. Alternation of Generations • Sporophyte Generation • Produces haploid spores by meiosis • Gametophyte Generation • Produces gametes by mitosis

  5. Nonvascular Seedless Plants • Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts • Gametophyte generation is dominant • Produces eggs in archegonia • Produces flagellated sperm in antheridia • Rely on water source for reproduction Notice the gemmae cups In this liverwort

  6. Nonvascular Seedless PlantsMoss Life Cycle

  7. Vascular Seedless Plants • Whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails, and ferns • Sporophyte generation is dominant • Adaptations for living on land • Vascular tissue • Windblown spores

  8. Vascular Seedless PlantsFern Life Cycle

  9. What is a Thallus? • Body of a lower plant that has no recognizable shoot, root, or leaf regions • Fern prothallus - gametophyte Young sporophyte emerging from prothallus

  10. Vascular Seedless PlantsCross Section of Frond Leaflet • Sporophyte Generation • Look at Figure 16.15 • The sorus contains the sporangium where the spores are produced

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