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ELECTRICAL

ELECTRICAL. Basic Electrical 1910. 301-305. Practical Safeguarding of employees is broken down into: Design safety standards for electrical systems. Safety-related work practices Safety - related maintenance requirements. Safety requirements for special equipment.

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ELECTRICAL

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  1. ELECTRICAL www.safetyworksmaine.com

  2. Basic Electrical 1910. 301-305 Practical Safeguarding of employees is broken down into: Design safety standards for electrical systems. Safety-related work practices Safety - related maintenance requirements. Safety requirements for special equipment www.safetyworksmaine.com

  3. Basic Electrical 1910. 301-305 Design safety standards for electrical systems. Standards found in 1910.302-308 are design safety standards for electric utilization of all electric equipment used to provide electric power and light for employee workplaces. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  4. Basic Electrical 1910. 301-305 Safety - related work practices. These regulations are contained in 1910.331-.335 and require the employer to train and equip designated employees to maintain facility’s electrical equipment. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  5. Definitions applicable are found in 1910.399 This standard is used to define common terms used in the electric industry and National Electrical Code (NEC). It includes the classes of hazardous locations. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  6. Basic Electrical 1910. 302 Electric Utilization Systems Scope- Covered electrical installations and utilization equipment installed on or used within or on buildings, structures, and other premises including: Yards Carnivals Parking and other lots Mobil homes & recreational vehicles Industrial substations Conductors www.safetyworksmaine.com

  7. Basic Electrical 1910. 302 Electric utilization systems Does not cover-ships, watercraft, railroad rolling stock, or automotive vehicles unless recreational, installation underground, installation of railways, communication equipment, or electrical installation under the exclusive control of electric utilities. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  8. General Electrical 1910. 303 Design safety standards for electrical systems. Use only approved equipment: Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories IE: Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Applied Research Laboratories Inc. (ARL) Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC) www.safetyworksmaine.com

  9. 1910.303(a) Approval All electrical conductors and equipment shall be approved. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  10. Basic Electrical 1910. 303 Examination, installation, and use of equipment b) Examination - Electrical equipment shall be free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees -Suitability for installation for the purpose intended. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  11. Basic Electrical 1910. 303 b) Examination continued. Mechanical strength Electrical insulation Heating effects Arcing effects Classification by type , size, voltage, current and specific use Other factors which contributing to the practical safeguarding of employees www.safetyworksmaine.com

  12. Basic Electrical 1910. 303 B-40274-855 DANGER HAZARD OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK OR BURN. SEE INSTRUCTIONS INSIDE DOOR B-40274-855 Installation and use Cont.. Electrical connections EI: Splices Arcing parts shall be enclosed Marking Identification of disconnecting means www.safetyworksmaine.com

  13. Basic Electrical 1910. 303 Design safety standards for electrical systems. • 600 Volts or less Working clearances (3 feet or greater) See table S-1. (2) Guarding of live parts greater than 50 volts by: * Approved cabinets * Room or vault * Partitions or locations * Elevations of 8 feet or more www.safetyworksmaine.com

  14. Basic Electrical 1910. 303 (h)600 Volts or More clearances (Greater than 3 feet) (See table S-2 for Voltage greater than 2500.) (2) Guarding of live parts by enclosures: * Approved 7 foot fence area * Room or vault with lock & key * Accessible to qualified personnel only www.safetyworksmaine.com

  15. Basic Electrical 1910. 304Wiring design and protection Use and identification of grounded and grounding conductors. 1. Identification of grounded and grounding conductors 2. Polarity of connections 3. Use of grounding terminals and devices www.safetyworksmaine.com

  16. Normal Wiring 1910.304(a)(2) Reverse Polarity Hot Neutral Hot Neutral Ground 1910.304(a)(2) NEC Article 200-11 www.safetyworksmaine.com Ground

  17. Basic Electrical 1910. 304 Wiring design and protection (b) Branch circuits 1. Identification of Multi-wire circuits 2. Receptacles and cord connectors 3. GFCI protection (c) Outside conductors 600 volts or less 2. Clearances of open conductors * 10 feet - above sidewalks * 12 feet - subjected to traffic * 15 feet - Truck traffic www.safetyworksmaine.com

  18. Basic Electrical 1910. 304 Wiring design and protection (e) Services 1. Disconnecting means 2. Services over 600 volts * Guarding to allow qualified only * High voltage signs posted www.safetyworksmaine.com

  19. Basic Electrical 1910. 304 Wiring design and protection f) Overcurrent protection 1. 600 volts or less * Protection of conductors & equipment * Continuity of grounded conductors 2. Over 600 volts * Short circuit protection www.safetyworksmaine.com

  20. Basic Electrical 1910. 304Wiring design and protection g) Grounding 1. Systems to be grounded * All 3 wire DC systems neutral conductor * 2 wire DC systems * AC circuits of less than 50 volts if…….. * AC systems of 50-1000 volts 2. Conductors to be grounded * For AC premises wiring the identified conductor shall be grounded www.safetyworksmaine.com

  21. Basic Electrical 1910. 304Wiring design and protection g) Grounding Cont.. 3. Portable and Vehicle mounted generators. 4. Grounding connections * For a grounded system, a grounding electrode conductor shall be used to connect both the equipment grounded conductor and the grounded circuit conductor to the grounded electrode www.safetyworksmaine.com

  22. Basic Electrical 1910. 304Wiring design and protection g) Grounding Cont.. 5. Grounding path: * The path to ground from circuits, equipment, and enclosures shall be permanent and continuous. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  23. 1910.305 • Wiring Methods, components and equipment for general use. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  24. 1910.305(a)(2)(ii)(I)Flexible cords and cables shall be protected from damage. Sharp corners and projections shall be avoided. Flexible cords and cables may pass through doorways or other pinch points, if protection is provided to avoid damage. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  25. 1910.305(b)Cabinets, boxes, and fittings. (b)(1) Conductors entering boxes, cabinets, or fittings. Conductors entering boxes, cabinets, or fittings shall be protected from abrasion, and openings through which conductors enter shall be effectively closed. • Unused openings in cabinets, boxes, and fittings shall also be effectively closed. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  26. 1910.305(c) Switches 1.Knife switches shall be connected so the blades are dead when the switch is in the open position www.safetyworksmaine.com

  27. 1910.305(d) Switchboards and Panelboards • Switchboards located in dry areas and accessible to qualified personnel only • Panelboards shall be mounted in cabinets and have a dead front with no exposed live parts www.safetyworksmaine.com

  28. 1910.305(e) Enclosures for damp or wet locations • Cabinets, cutouts boxes, fittings, and panelboards shall be weatherproof • Switches, circuit breakers, and switchboards shall be in weather proof enclosures www.safetyworksmaine.com

  29. 1910.305(f) Conductors for general wiring • All conductors shall be insulated and approved for the voltage and temperature and distinguishable by color www.safetyworksmaine.com

  30. 1910.305(g) Flexible cords and cables • Shall be approved and suitable for use and conditions • Shall be used for wiring of fixtures, portable lamps, appliances, pendants, etc • Shall Not be used as a substitute for fixed wiring www.safetyworksmaine.com

  31. 1910.305(h) Portable cables over 600 volts • Multi-conductor portable cable shall be No. 14 or larger • Connectors must be the locking type • Strain relief shall be provided • If spliced, shall be of the permanent molded, vulcanized type • High voltage hazard warnings • Authorized and qualified personnel only allowed in enclosures www.safetyworksmaine.com

  32. 1910.305(i) Fixture wires • Shall be approved for the voltage, temperature and location • Are permitted for use in enclosed lighting fixtures not subjected to bending or twisting • Are used for connecting lighting fixtures to the branch- circuit www.safetyworksmaine.com

  33. 1910.305(j) Equipment for general use • Lighting fixtures, lampholders, lamps and receptacles shall have no live parts exposed • Portable handlamps shall have a substantial bulb guard and if used in wet locations shall be approved as such • Receptacles and cord connectors shall be compatible for the voltage rating • Receptacles installed in wet or damp locations shall be approved for use www.safetyworksmaine.com

  34. NFPA 70E Most frequent cited by OSHA • 1910.132(d) Hazard assessment • 1910.332(a) Training • 1910.333(a) Safety related work practices • 1910.333(c)(2) Working on energized equipment • 1910.334(c)(3) Rating of equipment • 1910.335(a) Arc Flash PPE requirements • 1910.335(b)(1) Labeling www.safetyworksmaine.com

  35. General Arc Flash warning for employees. Arc Flash warning for employees who work on electrical panels and systems. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  36. Arc Flash What is Arc Flash? The radiant energy and blinding light created by an electric arc passing through air between conductors. Arc temperature can reach 35,000°F, burning skin and igniting clothing at a distance. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  37. Arc Flash • What Causes Arc Flash? • Just coming close to a high-amp source with a conductive object can cause the electricity to flash over. • Dropping a tool or otherwise creating a spark can ignite an arc flash. • Equipment failure due to use of substandard parts, improper installation, or even normal wear and tear. • Breaks or gaps in insulation. • Dust, corrosion or other impurities on the surface of the conductor. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  38. Arc Blast High-energy arcing fault can produce a considerable pressure wave and sound blast.  The intense heat from arc causes the sudden expansion of air, resulting in a blast. A 10,000 A arc at 480 volts is equivalent to 800 MW or approximately 8 stick of dynamite. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  39. Arc blast can cause the following injuries: • Loss of memory or brain function from concussion. • Hearing loss from ruptured eardrums (sound associated with blast can exceed 160 dB.  Sound of jet engine only 145 db) • Shrapnel wounds from metal parts • Other physical injuries from being blown off ladders, into walls, etc. • A 40 Cal. blast will kill a person. www.safetyworksmaine.com

  40. Electrical PPE www.safetyworksmaine.com

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