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Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne

What does each image argue?. Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne. David Napoleon in His Study. Early 19 th Century Art Romanticism and Realism and Neoclassicism. Romanticism.

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Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne

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  1. What does each image argue? Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne David Napoleon in His Study

  2. Early 19th Century ArtRomanticism and Realismand Neoclassicism

  3. Romanticism Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe. In part, it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature, and was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature. Stokstad notes that both Neoclasscism and Romanticism remained vital in early 19th century European and American art.

  4. Romanticism The movement validated strong emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, terror, horror and awe—especially that which is experienced in confronting the sublimity of untamed nature and its picturesque qualities, both new aesthetic categories. In European painting, led by a new generation of the French school, the Romantic sensibility contrasted with the Neoclassicism being taught in the academies.

  5. Romanticism The movement validated strong emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience—so subject of a work of art would be something that produces strong emotion. Like an incubus sitting on one’s chest or a terrifying snowstorm or a shipwreck where the survivors eat each other or a massacre of women and children ... The sublimity of untamed nature and its picturesque qualities became a subject. What does this mean? It means the artist wants you to respond by thinking: “OMG! That is gorgeous and overwhelming in its size!” Or “OMG! That is just so beautiful I am speechless and gobsmacked!”

  6. How do we read the paintings that fall into this middle space between Neoclassicism and Romanticism? How should we describe them? What characteristics can we identify?

  7. War,History Painting,and Napoleon

  8. Jacques-Louis David • Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard • 1800-1801 • oil on canvas • What is written on the rocks in the lower left? • How did Napoleon actually cross the Alps? • What makes this image Neoclassical? • What makes this image suggestive of Romanticism? • How is the composition influenced by the Baroque? • How is the composition here profoundly different from the composition of The Oath of the Horatii(1784)?

  9. Jacques-Louis David The Oath of the Horatii 1784 Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard 1800-1801

  10. Jacques-Louis David Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard 1800-1801 Paul DelarocheBonaparte Crossing the Alps1848 Was Napoleon Delaroche’s patron?

  11. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresNapoleon I on the Imperial Throne1806oil on canvas Ingres’ teacher was David. How does this image convey power?

  12. Ingres Napoleon I on the Imperial Throne David Napoleon in His Study

  13. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresPortrait of Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul1804oil on canvas

  14. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresNapoleon I on the Imperial Throne1806oil on canvas What other images does this painting call to mind?

  15. Coin with head of Alexanderca. 305-281BCE

  16. Augustus of Primaporta early 1st century

  17. Hans Holbein (Hans the Younger)Portrait of Henry VIII1540

  18. Louis XIV 1701 Hyacinthe Rignaud the Sun King

  19. Jacques-Louis David Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon I and Coronation of the Empress Josephine1805-07 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXKnEK9mKYo

  20. Antoine-Jean GrosNapoleon in the Plague House at Jaffa1804 oil on canvas Gros’ teacher was David. This image is very emblematic of Romantic paintings.

  21. Antoine-Jean GrosThe Battle of Abukir1806 oil on canvas

  22. Antoine-Jean GrosNapoleon Bonaparte on the Battlefield of Eylau, 18071808 oil on canvas

  23. Horace VernetAn Invalid Submitting a Petition to Napoleon at a Parade in the Courtyard of the Tuileries Palace 1838 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNjRNkOwG28

  24. Eugene Delacroix Scenes from the Massacre at Chios1822-1824oil on canvas

  25. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesThe Third of May, 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid1814oil on canvas

  26. Jacques-Louis DavidThe Death of Marat1793oil on canvas

  27. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesChained Prisoner1806-12indian ink wash

  28. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesThe Captivity is as Barbarous as the Crime1810etching

  29. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesHere Neither 1812-15 etching

  30. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesOut Hunting for Teeth1797-98etching

  31. Goya Francisco de Goya Y LucientesFamily of Charles IV1800oil on canvas

  32. Las Meninas or The Family of Philip IVDiego Velázquez 1656-1657 oil on canvas

  33. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresPortrait of Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul1804oil on canvas

  34. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresNapoleon I on the Imperial Throne1806oil on canvas

  35. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresThe Violinist Niccolò Paganini1819pencil Who do you paint when your primary patron has been defeated at the Battle of Waterloo (1815)?

  36. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresMonsieur Bertin1832oil on canvas

  37. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresPrincess de Broglie1851-53oil on canvas

  38. Orientalism and Ingres Orientalism is a term used to identify works of art made by European artists which depict Middle Eastern subjects. Orientalism is widely used in art to refer to the works of the many Western 19th century artists, who specialized in "Oriental" subjects, often drawing on their travels to Western Asia and/or the Middle East. Edward Said (Orientalism, 1978) argues that European artists tend to essentialize their Middle Eastern subjects. To essentialize means to present a subject or a culture as monolithic or one-dimensional. To essentialize means to represent something in terms of what are believed to be its “essential” elements. Usually this sort of representation reveals more about the maker of the image than about the actual subject.

  39. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres • Large Odalisque • oil on canvas • Why could we consider this work “mannerist?” • Why is this work exemplary of the style taught by the French Academy?

  40. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresThe Bather1808oil on canvas

  41. Jean-Auguste-DominiqueIngresThe Turkish Bath1862oil on canvas on wood

  42. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres • Large Odalisque How are these two images similar? Jacques-Louis David Madame Récamier 1800

  43. Mannerism can be understood—in part—as a response to the Late Renaissance’s emphasis on rationality and linear perspective. In your head you should be linking Mannerism to Ingres. Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresMonsieur Bertin 1832 BronzinoPortrait of a Young Man 1540

  44. Neoclassical painting can be understood as a reaction to the excesses of Rococo. Jacques-Louis DavidThe Oath of the Horatii 1784 Jean-Honoré FragonardThe Swing 1767

  45. Romanticism in turn can be understood as a reaction to the Neoclassical painting. Think about Neoclassical painting….how would you describe it in terms of its… 1. brushwork? 2. color palette? 3. content? 4. composition?

  46. Can we make connections between Baroque and Romantic painting? • How is the composition similar? • How is the formal technique similar? (brushwork) • Is the content similar? • How do we characterize the similarities and the differences?

  47. RomanticismUsually Romantic works have dramatic and intensely emotional subject matter but Romantic landscapes also often also meant to convey the artist’s almost religious reverence for the landscape—which became increasingly important as a industrial revolution intensified. Romantic landscape painting is dramatic • the content emphasizes turbulent or fantastic natural scenery • disasters • the sublime(something that inspires awe) naturalistic • the content represents tranquil nature • the content signals a religious reverence toward nature Romantic painting is characterized by • fluid, loose brushwork • strong colors • complex compositions • powerful contrasts of light and dark • expressive poses and gestures

  48. Romantic and Realist Landscapes Question: What is the artist using the landscape to accomplish? How can the viewer tell? What visual evidence is there?

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