1 / 22

Rocks

Rocks. Chapter 4. Rocks are important to to humans!. Early humans made weapons and tools with rocks. We use rocks in many ways: buildings, statues, and concrete, to name a few . Fossils provide clues about our planet’s history. The Rock Cycle. How do we Classify Rocks?.

dmyrick
Download Presentation

Rocks

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Rocks Chapter 4 Characteristics

  2. Rocks are important to to humans! • Early humans made weapons and tools with rocks. • We use rocks in many ways: buildings, statues, and concrete, to name a few . • Fossils provide clues about our planet’s history. Characteristics

  3. The Rock Cycle Characteristics

  4. How do we Classify Rocks? Composition- The minerals the rock is made of. For example, limestone is a very common sedimentary rock of biochemical origin. It is composed mostly of the mineral calcite. Characteristics

  5. Rocks are also classified by texture. Fined-grained (Siltstone) Medium-grained (Sandstone) Coarse-grained (Granite) Characteristics

  6. Now you tell me. What are the two ways rocks are classified? Composition And Texture! Characteristics

  7. Igneous Rock-When magma or lava cools down enough, it solidifies and become igneous rock. There are three ways rock can melt:Temperature Pressure Compostion Characteristics

  8. Composition of Igneous rocks • Felsic – light in color and are usually made of silicon, aluminum, sodium, and potassium. • Mafic - dark colored and are usually made of iron, magnesium, and calcium. Felsic - Granite Mafic - Basalt Characteristics

  9. How are Igneous rocks formed? Characteristics

  10. Intrusive Igneous Rocks • When magma cools on the surface • Usually coarse-grained/ larger crystals • Plutons - intrusive formations beneath Earth’s surface • Weathering will eventually expose intrusive igneous rock. Characteristics

  11. Extrusive Igneous Rock • Most volcanic rock is extrusive • Cools quickly • Cools on the surface • Lava erupts from a volcano (Lava Flow) • Small crystals Pumice Obsidian Characteristics

  12. Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock forms through the process of erosion. Sediment, (rock fragments), are transported from one place to another. Eventually the sediment is deposited in layers that are compacted and cemented together. Characteristics

  13. The forces that cause rock to weather into fragments are: • wind • water • ice • sunlight • gravity Characteristics

  14. Composition of Sedimentary Rock • Clastic Sedimentary Rock is made from fragments of other rocks and minerals. (For example, sandstone) • Chemical Sedimentary Rock is made from solutions of minerals and water. (For example, limestone) Characteristics

  15. Composition of Sedimentary Rock-continued • Fossiliferous limestone is formed from the remains of sea organisms. Shells and skeletons of tiny coral sink to the bottom of the ocean floor and over time, it cements together. This is where most limestone is formed. Characteristics

  16. Sedimentary Rock Structures are characterized by stratification (or layering.) Wind and water can deposit sediments in unique patterns. Characteristics

  17. Metamorphic Rock • Metamorphism is when a rock that has gone through a change from heat and pressure. This can happens with all kinds of rocks. • Metamorphism does NOT melt rock. • Metamorphism can happen by coming in contact with magma. (It cooks the rock.) Characteristics

  18. Contact Metamorphism– Next to an igneous intrusion See # 5 on next slide. Regional Metamorphism—Pressure is built up when deeply buried. See # 3 on next slide. Metamorphism can happen by coming in contact with magma. (It cooks the rock.) Characteristics

  19. Characteristics

  20. Composition of Metamorphic Rock • As rock encounters new temperature and new pressure, the minerals in the rock will change. For example, if calcite, quartz, and hematite are combined under heat and pressure, they can turn into garnet. Characteristics

  21. Textures of Metamorphic Rock • Foliated-mineral grains are aligned • Non-foliated-no alignment of minerals FoliatedNon-foliated Slate Marble Characteristics

  22. Sing for an extra point! Rock Cycle Song(Sing to the tune of "Row, Row, Row Your Boat") SEDIMENTARY rockHas been formed in layers,Often found near water sourcesWith fossils from decayers, Then there's IGNEOUS rockHere since Earth was born,Molten Lava, cooled and hardenedThat's how it is formed, These two types of rocksCan also be transformed,With pressure, heat and chemicalsMETAMORPHIC they'll become. Rock Cycle Song! Characteristics

More Related