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Changes in the Annual Ice Season Duration (1979/80 – 2010/11)

Changes in the Annual Ice Season Duration (1979/80 – 2010/11). 2.9 months shorter ice season. 3.3 months shorter. 2.6 months longer. (Stammerjohn et al, 2012, GRL, Fig 1e, f). But why isn’t Antarctic sea ice decreasing everywhere when there are other signs of warming?.

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Changes in the Annual Ice Season Duration (1979/80 – 2010/11)

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  1. Changes in the Annual Ice Season Duration (1979/80 – 2010/11) 2.9 months shorter ice season 3.3 months shorter 2.6 months longer (Stammerjohn et al, 2012, GRL, Fig 1e, f)

  2. But why isn’t Antarctic sea ice decreasing everywhere when there are other signs of warming? (Steig et al, 2009, Science) Air temperatures have warmed, especially over West Antarctica 1957-2006 The westerly winds have intensified, and the ocean shows signs of warming

  3. Wind-Driven Trends in Sea-Ice Motion, 1992-2010 (Holland & Kwok, 2012, Nature Geoscience) Ice Motion & Concentration Trends Strong winds from the north bring warmer air temperatures, reducing ice growth and pushing the ice southward (Apr-Jun) Ice Concentration Strong winds from the south bring cooler air temperatures, increasing ice growth and pushing the ice northward Ice Motion (vectors) (black, sig >90%)

  4. These strong regional winds cause the ice cover to expand in some regions... Or collide, raft and ridge in other regions Changes in the ocean are also affecting sea ice changes Diver under wind-rafted pack ice in the western Antarctic Peninsula

  5. But observing ocean changes under pack ice has been challenging, until recently… Ted Maksym, WHOI

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