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Chapter 10 Acids and Bases

Chapter 10 Acids and Bases. 10.7 Buffers. 1. Buffers resist changes in pH from the addition of acid or base in the body absorb H 3 O + or OH  from foods and cellular processes to maintain pH are important in the proper functioning of cells and blood

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Chapter 10 Acids and Bases

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  1. Chapter 10 Acids and Bases 10.7Buffers 1

  2. Buffers resist changes in pH from the addition of acid orbase in the body absorb H3O+ or OH from foods and cellular processes to maintain pH are important in the proper functioning of cells and blood in blood maintain a pH close to 7.4; a change in the pH of the blood affects the uptake of oxygen and cellular processes Buffers 2

  3. Buffers (continued) When an acid or base is added to water, the pH changes drastically to much; pH is maintained a buffer solution, the pH does not change very 3

  4. The components of a buffer solution are acid–base conjugate pairs can be a weak acid and a salt of its conjugate base typically have equal concentrations of the weak acid and its salt can also be a weak base and a salt of its conjugate acid Components of a Buffer 4

  5. Learning Check Does each of the following combinations produce a buffer solution or not? Explain. A. HCl and KCl B. H2CO3 and NaHCO3 C. H3PO4 and NaCl D. HC2H3O2 and KC2H3O2 5

  6. Solution Does each of the following combinations produce a buffer solution or not? Explain. A. HCl + KCl No; HCl is a strong acid. B. H2CO3 + NaHCO3 Yes; this is a weak acid and its salt C. H3PO4 + NaCl No; NaCl does not contain a conjugate base of H3PO4. D. HC2H3O2 and KC2H3O2 Yes; this is a weak acid and its salt 6

  7. An acetic acid/acetate buffer contains the weak acid acetic acid (HC2H3O2) and the salt of its conjugate base sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2). Acid dissociation occurs: HC2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l) C2H3O2(aq) + H3O+(aq) The salt provides a higher concentration of the conjugate base C2H3O2 than provided by the dissociation of the weak acid by itself. NaC2H3O2(aq) Na+(aq) + C2H3O2(aq) Buffer Action 7

  8. Function of the Weak Acid in a Buffer The function of the weak acid in a buffer is to neutralize added base. The acetate ion produced by the neutralization becomes part of the available acetate. HC2H3O2(aq) + OH−(aq) C2H3O2(aq) + H2O(l) acetic acid base acetate ion water 8

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