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Modern Physics History

Modern Physics History. Chatfield Senior High, Mr. Boyle. J.J. Thompson (1897). Plum pudding model The charge to mass ratio is e/m=1.76 X 10 11 C/kg. Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment (1911). Determined the charge on an electron. 1 e - = 1.6 X 10 -19 Coulomb

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Modern Physics History

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  1. Modern Physics History Chatfield Senior High, Mr. Boyle

  2. J.J. Thompson (1897) • Plum pudding model The charge to mass ratio is e/m=1.76 X 10 11 C/kg

  3. Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment (1911) • Determined the charge on an electron. 1 e- = 1.6 X 10-19 Coulomb • The gravitational force matches the electrostatic force with an oil drop

  4. Rutherford’s Scattering Experiment (1911) • An alpha particle was sent through gold foil. Most passed straight through but some were largely deflected.

  5. Planck’s Quantum Hypothesis (1908) • Photons (packets of light energy) radiating at different frequencies create different energy levels • E = n h f (where h=Planck’s constant=6.626 X 10 -34 J s)

  6. Photoelectric effect (1913) • When light shines on a metal surface, electrons are emitted from the surface with regard to frequency of incident light (E=nhf) • If frequency is below a cut-off frequency, there is no transmission

  7. Compton Effect (1923) • When an X-ray photon collides with an electron, the collision obeys the conservation of momentum

  8. Bohr Model of aHydrogen Atom (1913) • Studied the hydrogen spectrum to find proof of the energy levels

  9. deBroglie Hypothesis (1923) • Extended the wave/particle duality of photons

  10. Davisson-Germer Experiment (1923) • Studied electron reflection from a nickel target. They found the wavelength of an electron.

  11. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (1927) • In any experiment involving properties of an atom you either do not know an object’s speed or position

  12. Erwin Schrodinger • Developed probabilistic wave functions describing quantum mechanics • Schrodinger’s cat

  13. Einstein (1920-1930) • Developed relativity, an offshoot of frames of reference. • Describe behavior of objects when they approached the speed of light • E=mc2 • God does not play dice with the universe

  14. Paragraph • After you have watched The Elegant Universe, write a paragraph that answers the following. (a) What do you think is the nature of gravitational force? In your answer compare relativity with quantum physics. * (b) What do think about string theory? (c) How has your belief about the size of the universe changed since the beginning of the course?

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