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University Investigators and Small Biotech Companies. Jane Shelby, PhD Bozeman, Montana. Funding and Regulatory Consultant Biotech Industry Executive Director of Health Sciences – Montana State University Faculty WWAMI Medical Education Program University of Utah School of Medicine
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University Investigators and Small Biotech Companies Jane Shelby, PhD Bozeman, Montana Funding and Regulatory Consultant Biotech Industry Executive Director of Health Sciences – Montana State University Faculty WWAMI Medical Education Program University of Utah School of Medicine Department of Surgery – Tenured Associate Professor
Common models of interaction • Small biotech company licenses IP (pending or patent issued) • Investigator relationship varied • Advisory Board, collaborations, financial holding • University investigator(s) establishes a start-up biotech company for commercialization of IP • Founder, owner/director/CSO, financial holding
Traditional COI • confidentiality • publishing • intellectual property rights and ownership • financial holdings
Industry and University Cultures • Industry - typically defines the goals, objectives and timelines for their researchers • Academia - researchers have the freedom to define their own goals, objectives and timelines • additional complexity to assure ethical provisions for student participation in research
Incubators/Small Biotech Start-ups • Fuzzy boundaries • spin-offs from academic laboratories are often located as private research labs, which may share space and facilities with the academic lab (third bench on the left is corporate) • they may be physically separated and housed nearby or at an off-campus university science park
Fuzzy Boundaries Competing Loyalties • Time/effort commitment for Lab Director • Separation of university/corporate IP, projects • Managerial issues • Employee vs. student • Professor supervises a graduate student, while at the same time employing that student as a research assistant • Most complex if trainee is doing work in corporate lab
Possible benefits for students and postdocs • corporate funding provides opportunity for engagement of students in research • trainees may receive training in commercial laboratories • opportunity for post graduate/training employment
Possible risks for trainees • Reduced quality and quantity of student advising • Biased thesis advice (finish thesis/project or stop and join the company) • Biased advice regarding timing of student-led publication, (delaying submission for publication to protect commercially valuable discoveries) • Moves to delay graduation to keep talent around • Biased advice on choice of research topics (commercial vs. academic interest-driven) • Biased career advice (pursue a post-doctoral position/academic career path, or to join the company)
Institutional based guidelines • Workload/remuneration for graduate students and post-docs in bioscience labs • Appropriate time-to-completion for graduate degrees • Have open discussions both of the requirements of good mentoring, and the dangers and varieties of COI • Establish a process of self-evaluation for professors involved in graduate supervision, regarding the full range of factors known to be liable to corrupt supervisory judgment.
Institutional based guidelines • Implement policies regarding treatment of students whose graduate research is being done in whole or in part in commercial labs • Establish guidelines regarding limitations on spin-off companies recruiting students prior to the completion of their degrees MacDonald C, William Jones B. Account Res. 2009 Apr-Jun;16(2):106-26.Supervisor-student relations: examining the spectrum of conflicts of interest in bioscience laboratories.
Supervisor/Director Responsibility • Acknowledge and guard against factors that might bias the teaching, advising, and mentoring of students • Talk openly about COI with trainees using concrete examples–this is an important part of the mentoring process • MacDonald C, William Jones B. Account Res. 2009 Apr-Jun;16(2):106-26.Supervisor-student relations: examining the spectrum of conflicts of interest in bioscience laboratories.
Fuzzy Boundaries…..need clarity for a sustainable healthy relationship between industry and academia • Institutional and individual responsibility • Transparent process and open communication • Mentoring of trainees in all areas of COI