Dr. Andrej Horvat Intelligent Fluid Solutions Ltd. Ljubljana, Slovenia 17 January, 2007

2. 2 Andrej Horvat Intelligent Fluid Solution Ltd. 127 Crookston Road, London, SE9 1YF, United Kingdom Tel./Fax: +44 (0)1235 819 729 Mobile: +44 (0)78 33 55 63 73 E-mail: andrej.horvat@intelligentfluidsolutions.co.uk Web: www.intelligentfluidsolutions.co.uk

3. 3 1995, Dipl. -Ing. Mech. Eng. (Process Tech.) University of Maribor 1998, M.Sc. Nuclear Eng. University of Ljubljana 2001, Ph.D. Nuclear Eng. University of Ljubljana 2002, M.Sc. Mech. Eng. (Fluid Mechanics & Heat Transfer) University of California, Los Angeles

4. 4 More than 10 years of intensive CFD related experience: R&D of numerical methods and their implementation (convection schemes, LES methods, semi-analytical methods, Reynolds Stress models) Design analysis (large heat exchangers, small heat sinks, burners, drilling equip., flash furnaces, submersibles) Fire prediction and suppression (backdraft, flashover, marine environment, gas releases, determination of evacuation criteria) Safety calculations for nuclear and oil industry (water hammer, PSA methods, severe accidents scenarios, pollution dispersion)

5. 5 As well as CFD, experiences also in: Experimental methods QA procedures Standardisation and technical regulations Commercialisation of technical expertise and software products

6. 6 Overview of fluid dynamics transport equations - transport of mass, momentum, energy and composition - influence of convection, diffusion, volumetric (buoyancy) force - transport equation for thermal radiation Averaging and simplification of transport equations - spatial averaging - time averaging - influence of averaging on zone and field models Zone models - basics of zone models (1 and 2 zone models) - advantages and disadvantages

7. 7 Field models - numerical mesh and discretisation of transport equations - turbulence models (k-epsilon, k-omega, Reynolds stress, LES) - combustion models (mixture fraction, eddy dissipation, flamelet) - thermal radiation models (discrete transfer, Monte Carlo) - examples of use Conclusions - software packages Examples - diffusion flame - fire in an enclosure - fire in a tunnel

8. 8 Today, CFD methods are well established tools that help in design, prototyping, testing and analysis The motivation for development of modelling methods (not only CFD) is to reduce cost and time of product development, and to improve efficiency and safety of existing products and installations Verification and validation of modelling approaches by comparing computed results with experimental data are necessary Nevertheless, in some cases CFD is the only viable research and design tool (e.g. hypersonic flows in rarefied atmosphere)

9. 9

10. 10 Transport equations

11. 11 Transport equations

12. 12 Transport equations

13. 13 Transport equations

14. 14 Transport equations

15. 15 Transport equations

16. 16 Transport equations

17. 17 Transport equations

18. 18 Transport equations

19. 19 Transport equations

20. 20 Transport equations

21. 21 Transport equations

22. 22 Transport equations

23. 23 Transport equations

24. 24 Transport equations

25. 25

26. 26 Averaging and simplification of transport equations

27. 27

28. 28

29. 29

30. 30

31. 31

32. 32

33. 33

34. 34

35. 35

36. 36

37. 37

38. 38

39. 39 Zone models

40. 40 Zone models

41. 41 Zone models

42. 42 Zone models

43. 43

44. 44 Field models

45. 45 Field models

46. 46 Field models

47. 47 Field models

48. 48 Field models

49. 49 Field models

50. 50 Field models

51. 51 Field models

52. 52 Field models

53. 53

54. 54 Turbulence models

55. 55 Turbulence models

56. 56 Turbulence models

57. 57 Turbulence models

58. 58 Turbulence models

59. 59 Turbulence models

60. 60 Turbulence models

61. 61 Turbulence models

62. 62 Turbulence models

63. 63 Turbulence models

64. 64 Turbulence models

65. 65 Turbulence models

66. 66 Turbulence models

67. 67 Turbulence models

68. 68 Turbulence models

69. 69

70. 70 Combustion models

71. 71 Combustion models

72. 72 Combustion models

73. 73 Combustion models

74. 74 Combustion models

75. 75 Combustion models

76. 76 Combustion models

77. 77 Combustion models

78. 78 Combustion models

79. 79 Combustion models

80. 80 Combustion models

81. 81 Combustion models

82. 82 Combustion models

83. 83 Combustion models

84. 84 Combustion models

85. 85 Combustion models

86. 86 Combustion models

87. 87 Combustion models

88. 88 Combustion models

89. 89 Combustion models

90. 90 Combustion models

91. 91

92. 92 Thermal radiation

93. 93 Thermal radiation

94. 94 Thermal radiation

95. 95 Thermal radiation

96. 96 Thermal radiation

97. 97 Thermal radiation

98. 98 Thermal radiation

99. 99

100. 100 Conclusions

101. 101 Conclusions

102. 102