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Session 1: The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster

Session 1: The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster. This session will introduce the concept of natural hazards and disasters at the coast through the example of the recent tsunami disaster in the Indian Ocean.

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Session 1: The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster

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  1. Session 1: The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster This session will introduce the concept of natural hazards and disasters at the coast through the example of the recent tsunami disaster in the Indian Ocean. (Source: NASA Earth Observatory; aerial photo of Kalutara Beach, Sri Lanka on 12/26/04) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 1, Lecture Outline

  2. Introduction: Natural Hazards in the Coastal Zone Coastal Hazards can be defined as natural hazards that occur within the coastal zone. The hazards discussed in this course can happen in the coastal zone, but occur in other locations as well. A disaster is when a natural hazard clashes with humans and development. The Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster of December 26, 2004 will be discussed in this session. (Source: http://sunsite.nus.edu.sg/asiasvc.html) (Source:http://homepage.mac.com/demark/tsunami/2.html) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 2, Introduction

  3. The Setting – Natural Environment I (Source:http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~small/Pop/HypsoDemo/S.E.Asia.html) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 3, The Setting

  4. The Setting – Natural Environment II (Source: USGS) To see significant ridges in the Indian Ocean: http://ace.acadiau.ca/science/geol/rraeside/quizzes/worldmap3i.htm Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 4, The Natural Hazard

  5. The Natural Hazard – What is a Tsunami? To see a visual representation of tsunami generation, follow this weblink: http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/645fall2003_web.dir/elena_suleimani/generation_small.mov (Source:http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/lessons/indiv/davis/inprogress/QuakesEng3.html) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 5, The Natural Hazard

  6. The Natural Hazard – How it Happened http://es.ucsc.edu/~ward/indo.mov http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/world/04/tsunami/swf/tsunami.swf?path=/nol/shared/spl/hi/world/04/tsunami/ Use the links provided above to watch simulations of tsunamis. The tsunami of December 26, 2004 is believed to have been caused by a 9.0-9.3 magnitude earthquake, have a wave height of up to 10 meters, and inundated land up to 2 kilometers from the shoreline in some areas. (Source: NOAA) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 6, The Natural Hazard

  7. The Disaster – Where it Happened http://www.guardian.co.uk/flash/0,5860,1380592,00.html Follow this link to see a NOAA slide show giving a timeline with places hit by the tsunami (Source: www.reliefweb.int) The tsunami struck a number of countries and took from 15 minutes to seven hours to reach the different coastlines. (Source:http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2004/tsunami.disaster/ ) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 7, The Disaster

  8. The Disaster – Human Loss (Source: CNN; http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2004/tsunami.disaster/) Animation Example of run-up and its effects on the built environment: http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/645fall2003_web.dir/elena_suleimani/runup4.mov This animation makes it possible to see how people and property could easily be swept out to the open ocean, with devastating effects. Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 8, The Disaster

  9. The Disaster – Property Loss (Source: NASA Earth Observatory) Before and after satellite images of the damage Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 9, The Disaster

  10. The Disaster – Economic Loss The impact on coastal fishing communities and fishermen has been devastating with high losses of income earners as well as boats and fishing gear (Source:http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2004/tsunami.disaster/) The Sri Lankan Ministry of Labour and Employment has estimated that as many as 800,000 people lost their jobs due to the tsunami. (Source: http://www.lonelyplanet.com/tsunami/srilanka.cfm) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 10, The Disaster

  11. The Setting – Socio-Political Environment (Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_-_affected_countries.png) (Source:http://www.washcoll.edu/wc/news/press_releases/images/tsunami_map.gif) The countries most influenced by the tsunami include: Indonesia, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, India, & Sri Lanka Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 11, The Setting

  12. The Setting – Built Environment Tourist Hotels contribute a large amount of development to the built environment in the coastal zones of the Indian Ocean, in sharp contrast with the housing available to residents in this very poor region. Tourism, along with agriculture and fishing are the major industries driving the economies of Southeast Asia. May 18, 1980 (Source:http://tourism.gov.my/statistic/hotels_rooms_supply.asp) Supply of hotels in the states of Malaysia Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 12, The Setting

  13. Recovery Efforts (Source:http://www.washcoll.edu/wc/news/press_releases/05_01_04_tsunami.html) (Source:http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4500992) (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarian_response_to_the_2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake) The plight of the many affected people and countries prompted a widespread humanitarian response Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 13, Recovery Efforts

  14. Reconstruction Efforts I Source:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/TsunamiAftermathNorthofPhuket_NASA.jpg) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 14, Reconstruction Efforts

  15. Reconstruction Efforts II (Source:http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4500992) (Source:http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:20525827~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html) Session 1: The 2004 Tsunami Disaster Coastal Hazards Management Course Slide 1. 15, Reconstruction Efforts

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