Paris Ile de France Region Organisation of Public Transport

1. Paris Ile de France RegionOrganisation of Public Transport Benchmarking Initiative Public Transport Organisation and Policy Jonathan Goldberg

2. In Paris / Ile de France Region, public transport network is organized by a single authority : STIF • Public Transport Network is operated by : • RATP (State Owned Company) : metro, tram and bus in central area, 2 main heavy rail routes • SNCF (National Railway Company) : heavy rail network • OPTILE : 80 private bus companies operating routes in suburban area • STIF is a public body created in 1959 and composed by • Central government (presidency and majority of votes) • Ile de France Region • City of Paris • 7 counties (départements) • STIF budget (3.7 bn euros in 2003) is funded by • Members : 32% • Transport Tax on employers : 66% • Road fines : 2%

3. The market is open only in suburban area and for bus services • In central area, modifications of bus services are suggested by the operator and authorized by STIF. improvements of service for any mode, that need additional financing are discussed in a dedicated commission • In suburban area the initiative of services comes from the market. Operators own their routes for an undefined time. They are funded in accordance with the number of trips, measured on a regular basis by surveys.

4. The roles and responsibilities of STIF are about to change next year • STIF is currently responsible for : • Quality management and contracting • Fare definition (but not ticket selling) • Financing operations • Funding improvements in quality of service • Approving main infrastructure projects • Preparing the future in a long term perspective • In July 2005, central government will withdraw from STIF, meanwhile new responsibilities will be devoted : • responsibilities for new type of services • ability to borrow money and fund infrastructure projects • ability to undertake works mastery • ability to delegate its competencies to local authorities (except fares definition) • The role in local transport plan and long term planning is currently in discussion

5. STIF has been contracting since 2000 with RATP and SNCF, the two main operating State owned companies (92% of passengers km) • Before 2000, automatic compensation were paid to RATP and SNCF • Contracting were introduced so as to increase responsibility of 2 main operators and clarify role and responsibilities of the Authority • Contracts are based on a global provision of services for each network at a defined cost. • with incentives schemes : • Share of additional revenues or losses • Malus if volume of service is under expectations (within a franchise of 3%) • Bonus / malus based on quality of service • Incentives on ticket selling in order to reduce fraud • The second generation of contracts have been signed in 2004 with the same structure but with some improvements • Contracts with private bus operators are planned for the very near future

6. Contracts are monitored as initially expected • Monitoring of the contracts is made on a monthly basis. The reporting is made by operators but this reporting is audited by STIF. • Each year 6 technical committees (on 6 topics) and 1 steering committee • Modification of contracts are made if relevant (new tickets, new services…) • Contracts have led to improvement of quality of services but some aspects have still to be improved : • regularity of bus services • definition of services in the contracts • bonus linked to ticket selling • ...