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The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands

The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands. S. C. Lin Department of Construction Engineering National Kinmen Institute of Technology. The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands. Outlines Where and what is Kinmen Theory of Biogeography Modeling the ideal road density The results

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The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands

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  1. The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands S. C. Lin Department of Construction Engineering National Kinmen Institute of Technology

  2. The Ideal Road Density for Small Islands • Outlines • Where and what is Kinmen • Theory of Biogeography • Modeling the ideal road density • The results • Discussions

  3. Kinmen ! China Taiwan Kinmen Geographic location of Kinmen

  4. Kinmen ! Kinmen Total area 150.5 km2 Population 61,215 Area of Main Kinmen Island 134.25 km2 Taiwan Total area 36,188 km2 Population 22,610,00 Basic Data of Kinmen and Taiwan

  5. Kinmen ! Road System of Kinmen (1)

  6. Kinmen ! Road System of Kinmen (2)

  7. Kinmen ! Major Road System of Kinmen (3)

  8. Theory ! Relation of number of species and area S = C AZ S: Number of species A: Area of the island MacAurthur & Wilson Z = 0.24 ~ 0.34 Theory of Island Biogeography

  9. Theory ! Relation of number of species and area S = C AZ ZKM = 0.324 (Kinmen) Theory of Island Biogeography

  10. Theory ! Density of species for each half = 0.8/0.5 =1.6 Theory of Island Biogeography

  11. Theory ! Total length of serving roads in Kinmen (unit: km)

  12. Theory ! Roads density in different areas

  13. Theory ! Studies and field investigations showed that the highest road density wolves can tolerant to maintain their healthy population is ρwolf = 0.6 km/km2 Why? Ideal Road density in continent areas

  14. Theory ! Food web pyramid

  15. Model ! • What is the ideal road density for Kinmen ? • Three models: • Direct application ofρ= 0.6 km/km2 • Model island model • Largest small island model Ideal Road density for Kinmen

  16. Model island model Model ! Take Okinawa as a model island to Kinmen Sk is number of species of Kinmen SO is number of species of same taxon in Okinawa Z = 0.324 n = 0.41

  17. Model island model Model ! the density of species in Kinmen D

  18. Unit cell Roads Model island model Model ! Road Mesh Road Density

  19. Model island model Model ! The road density of Okinawa is ρO=0.64 km/km2 that leads to L=3.125 km and the area of the unit cell is then (AO) =L2 = 9.766 km2 To make same species density in Kinmen, enlarging the area of unit cell to 6.2 times for Kinmen’s is necessary.

  20. Model island model Model ! Therefore the area of Kinmen’s unit cell is (AK)＝ 6.2 × 9.766 ＝ 60.55 km2. and length of the cell LK = (AK) 1/2 = 7.78 km. The ideal road density of Kinmen could be obtained as ρKM = 2/LK= 2/7.78 = 0.257 km/km2

  21. Largest small island model Model ! Take Largest small island as a model island to Kinmen Largest small island Area = 1,000 km2 Population = 1,000,000 Follow the same procedure, we have ρKM= 0.316 km/km2

  22. Results ! Ideal Road density for Kinmen ?

  23. Discussions ! Transportation Policy of Kinmen ?

  24. Discussions ! Three Principles of Road Construction • Avoidance • Stop building roads, Remove roads, • Put roads underground, Change the routes • 2. Mitigation • Make animal corridors, Reduce noises and disturbance, • Use ecological friendly construction materials, • Use cleaner fuel • 3. Compensation • Create protected areas, Restore destructed habitats, • Enhance habitat conditions

  25. The End

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