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Explore the evolution of democracy, from pre-democratic societies to early democracy and the civil rights era, and examine its contemporary challenges. This course covers topics such as government types, human rights, equality, and political ideologies.
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Types of Government Oligarchy Monarchy Aristocracy Plutocracy Theocracy Dictatorship Anarchy Democracy
Somehow, the government belongs to the people.
Histories of Democracy Our Framework Historical Periods ▼ Pre-Democracy ▼ Early Democracy ▼ Segregated Democracy ▼ Civil Rights Era ▼ Today Materials Used • Prep HWBs • Primary Source Docs • Secondary Sources • My Lectures and Multimedia • Students’ Research, Lectures, and Multimedia
I. Pre-Democracy:European Conquest & Colonization of the Americas Bull Dum Diversas 1452 Bull Romanus Pontifex 1453 Bull Inter Caetera 1493 Requerimiento 1513 Doctrine of Discovery
I. Pre-Democracy:American Slavery *Excerpt from a speech by John C. Calhoun in 1837 *Excerpt from a book by George Fitzhugh in 1854 *The essay “African Slavery in America” by Thomas Paine in 1775 *Benjamin Bannaker’s Letter to Thomas Jefferson in 1790
I. Pre-Democracy:California Missions How should we interpret the California Missions? ⦿ My PPT on the Missions ⦿ Your research on the Missions
II. Early Democracy • Declaration of Independence • US Constitution • Amendments 1-10 Bill of Rights
II. Early DemocracyAmendments 11-27 My Opinion
II. Early Democracy:Just 77 Years Later “Manifest Destiny”
England/America Spain/Mexico
U.S.-Mexican War Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo “In the said territories, property of every kind, now belonging to Mexicans, shall be inviolably respected. The present owners, the heirs of these, and all Mexicans who may hereafter acquire said property by contract, shall enjoy with respect to it guarantees equally ample as if the same belonged to citizens of the United States.”
II. Early Democracy in California CA Constitution of 1849 CA Laws in the 1850s Voting Marriage Land ownership Taxes Testimony at trial Education Serving in militia • Debates on voting and citizenship at the constitutional convention • Debates on peoples’ rights at the constitutional convention • Debates on women’s property ownership rights at the constitutional convention
Student Research Groups and Topics What are your thoughs on this type of activity?
II. Early Democracy:The Oppressed Speak Out • Native Americans Chief Joseph (1879) • African Americans Colored Citizens of CA (1865) • Chinese Americans Norman Asing (1852) • Mexican Americans Antonio Maria Pico and Others (1859) • Female Americans Woman Suffrage Committee (1871) All of these pleas for justice were rejected.
The Civil War1861-65 • 13th Amendment • 14th Amendment • 15th Amendment
Understanding Post-Civil War Equalityby Examining Laws and Court Rulings
III. Segregated DemocracyU.S. Supreme Court Established Limited Equality • The US Constitution does not prevent individuals or private businesses or organizations from engaging in racial discrimination…it only prevents governments from doing so. • Governments are allowed to require separate facilities and services based on race… as long as those separate facilities are equal. Private discrimination okay. Public segregation okay.
Understanding Post-Civil War Equalityby Reviewing Literature in theLibrary’s Online Databases
Student research and presentations.
III. Segregated Democracy1860s-1960s 100 Years of Formally Approved Second-Class Citizenship ➤ Communities of Color ➤ Females ➤ Immigrants ➤ Persons with Disabilities ➤ Non-Christians Jim Crow Era
IV. Civil Rights Movement • African Americans • Women • Latinos • Persons with Disabilities • Non-English Speakers • Low-Income Persons • Anti-war Groups • American Indians • Immigrants • Gays and Lesbians • Others
V. Democracy Today? Evidence-based Opinion-based
Political IdeologyToday’s Debate Over Attitudes and Values Most Everybody Else Most HCOM 266 Students The Political Compass
Ideology and the American Public Today
The Political Action Project An exercise in “experiential education” or learning-by-doing Feedback ?
Political Action Skill Set ✪ Group Work ✪ Political Action ✪ Research ✪ Evaluation ✪ Strategic Planning ✪ Reporting ✪ Multimedia Presentation
Assessment & Grading Active Engagement 15 Homework Briefs Pre-Democracy Historical Research CR Presentation Political Project 20% 20% 10% 20% 10% 20% B A C+ B- A- C 3.00 4.00 2.33 2.67 3.67 2.00 .60 .80 .23 .53 .37 .40 Final Grade 2.93 = B
HCOM 266: Histories of DemocracyThe End ! I hope you are better prepared to understand democracy and to contribute to it if you decide to do so.