(+/-) Usted Commands

1. (+/-)Usted Commands

2. Who isUsted? • Ustedis the formal form of “You.”It holds the same meaning as “You” in English, but it is used w/ your superiors, older adults, and strangers. • Think of it as “You, sir” or “You ma’am”

3. Unlike Pos. Tú Commands, Usted commands are take a little more work to arrive at their conjugations. But, don’t worry, once you understand the pattern, you’ll find they’re pretty simple to do.

4. To conjugate anUsted Command: • Start with the Present Tense Yo-form of the verb. • Drop the –o- • Add on the opposite vowel ending.

5. To conjugate anUsted Command: Add on the opposite vowel ending?? The opposite vowel ending of an -ar verb = E -er/ir verb = A

6. To conjugate anUsted Command: • Yo-form • Drop the - o- • Opposite vowel ending

7. To conjugate an Usted Command: Hablar Hablo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Habl- Hable

8. To conjugate an Usted Command: Comer Como • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Com- Coma

9. To conjugate an Usted Command: Vivir Vivo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Viv- Viva

10. To conjugate an Usted Command: Tener Tengo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Teng- Tenga

11. To conjugate an Usted Command: Venir Vengo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Veng- Venga

12. To conjugate an Usted Command: Poner Pongo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Pong- Ponga

13. To conjugate an Usted Command: Decir Digo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: Dig- Diga

14. Some IrregularUsted Commands: Estar – To Be Dar – To Give Ser – To Be Ir – To Go Saber – To Know

15. Some Irregular Usted Commands: Estar Estoy • Yo-form: • Drop the - oy- : • Opposite vowel ending: Est- Esté

16. Some Irregular Usted Commands: Dar Doy • Yo-form: • Drop the - oy- : • Opposite vowel ending: D- Dé

17. Some Irregular Usted Commands: Ser Soy • Yo-form: • Drop the - oy- : • Usted Command ending: S- Sea

18. Some Irregular Usted Commands: Ir • Yo-form: • Drop the - oy- : • Usted Commandending: Voy V- Vaya

19. Some Irregular Usted Commands: Saber • Yo-form: • Drop the - é - : • Usted Commandending: Sé S - Sepa

20. Some IrregularUsted Commands: Estar – Dar – Ser – Ir – Saber – Esté Dé Sea Vaya Sepa

21. ¡¡Ojo!! One other thing to watch out for: -car -gar -zar

22. Because we are using opposite vowels, we encounter the same pronunciation problems that we had in the preterite with –ar verbs that end in–car, -gar, and–zar.

23. The procedure is the same, simply make the additional spell change: CquGguZC

24. -car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands: Sacar Saco • Yo-form: • Drop the - o : • cqu: • Opposite vowel ending: Sac- Saqu- Saque (No accent on the -e- when it’s a command.)

25. -car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands: Jugar Juego • Yo-form: • Drop the - o : • ggu: • Opposite vowel ending: Jueg- Juegu- Juegue

26. -car, -gar, -zar Usted Commands: Empezar Empiezo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o : • zc: • Opposite vowel ending: Empiez- Empiec- Empiece

27. (+/-)Ustedes Commands

28. Take everything you just learned about Usted Commands … And just add -n- !

29. That’s right! • Take your Usted Command • Add the letter ‘n’ to it • And you’ve got an Ustedes Command!

30. To conjugate an Ustedes Command: Hablar Hablo • Yo-form: • Drop the - o- : • Opposite vowel ending: • Add ‘n’ : Habl- Hable Hablen

31. Usted and Ustedes Commands Verb Uds. Cmd. Ud. Cmd. Hablar Hable Hablen Comer Coma Coman Abrir Abra Abran Tener Tenga Tengan Decir Diga Digan Jugar Juegue Jueguen

32. Irregular Usted and Ustedes Commands Verb Uds. Cmd. Ud. Cmd. Estar Esté Estén Dar Dé Den Ser Sea Sean Ir Vaya Vayan Saber Sepa Sepan

33. Congratulations! • You’ve now learned: • Positive Tú Commands • Usted Commands • Ustedes Commands • Next: Negative Tú Commands!