CAP Safety Program Senior Safety Course

1. CAP Safety Program Senior Safety Course

2. This presentation is intended to be used by members who wish to progress to the Senior level in the Civil Air Patrol’s Safety Officer specialty track • Training in the Safety Officer specialty track is self-paced and intended to take place both on-the-job and through self-study. This presentation and CAP Pamphlet 217 will guide senior members through the training and is designed to help them learn to function effectively as Safety Officers. • Specialty tracks are governed by CAPR 50-17, Senior Member Professional Development Program

3. This presentation will cover: ORM and Assessing Risks Associated with CAP Activities Mission Safety Officer Overview CAP Vehicle Safety Inspections Course Outline

4. Essential Readings: • CAPR 20-1, Organization of Civil Air Patrol • CAPR 35-1, Assignment and Duty Status • CAPR 35-2, Notification Procedures in Case of Death, Injury or Serious Illness • CAPR 60-1, CAP Flight Management • CAPR 60-3, CAP Emergency Services Training and Operational Missions • CAPR 62-1, CAP Safety Responsibilities and Procedures • CAPR 62-2, Mishap Reporting and Investigation • CAPR 77-1, Operation and Maintenance of CAP Vehicles • Region and Local Safety Policies

5. STATEMENT OF WORK • The CAP Safety program is modeled after the Air Force program delineated in the 91 series of Air Force Instructions (AFI) • The CAPR 62 series defines the scope and limitations of the CAP Safety program. It also clearly defines the two distinct duties that safety officers perform for CAP and CAP commanders: • Safety Education • Mishap Prevention

6. Do safety programs really make a difference? Absolutely! • The best Safety programs involve every level of the organization, instilling a safety culture that reduces accidents for members and improves the overall organization • When Safety is part of the organization and its way of life, everyone wins

7. ORM • What is ORM? • A methodical, 6-step process to manage inherent risk. • Why ORM? • The ORM process allows systematic risk decision-making that manages risk as part of the whole operation, reduces mishaps and improves the cost benefit ratio by lowering risk.

8. ORM • How do you do it? • Step by step. • Here's the process:

9. ORM • Here's the process: • 1. Identify the hazards: • A hazard is simply a condition that could cause loss. • Focus on what is at risk and list potential hazards.

10. ORM • Here's the process: • 2. Assess the risks: • Here, we examine each hazard and determine the exposure, severity and the mishap probability associated with our activity. • Prioritize the hazards into levels of risk and work on the worst one first.

11. ORM • Here's the process: • 3. Analyze risk control measures: • Determine which risks can be eliminated, reduced or controlled in some manner. • Controls usually cost something in terms of an investment of time or money. • Prioritize these control measures to get the most "bang for your buck".

12. ORM • Here's the process: • 4. Make control decisions: • First, select the best possible risk controls. • Decide if those controls will assure that the benefits will outweigh the costs. • This process should involve the “right person” making the decision at the right time, based on the right inputs. • Don't think that just because risk is present, you should avoid the activity. • Risk is inherent in everything we do, how we control it determines the outcome.

13. ORM • Here's the process: • 4. Make control decisions: • Who's the right person? • Whoever has the best grasp of the risk and the opportunity issues. • Organizational leaders should push the average risk decision down the chain of command over time because the detail and understanding of the decision implications increases the closer you get to the principle participants of an activity.

14. ORM • Here's the process: • 5. Risk control implementation: • The key here is for the risk controls to truly be integrated within the plans, processes and operations with which they are associated. • Without integration, it won't be nearly as effective. • For controls to be successful, implementation must be clear to everyone, there must be accountability, and leadership must provide support.

15. ORM • Here's the process: • 6. Supervise and review: • When risk controls are properly integrated, the supervision of them is just like any other leadership action -- this is the prime reason for the emphasis on completely integrating the risk controls. • Review is the systematic measurement of whether or not the benefit was worth the cost. • This is the management aspect of ORM.

16. ORM • Here's the process: • Don't gamble with risk – • Manage it decisively with ORM.

17. Mission Safety Officer • The role of the Mission Safety Officer (MSO) is: • to minimize the risks faced by our members in the performance of the mission

18. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities (overview): • Facilities • Emergency numbers posted • Evacuation Plans • Hazards marked and fixed if possible • Vehicles • Safe working condition • Operator prepared and familiar with vehicle • Aircraft • Safe working condition • Crew prepared and familiar with aircraft • Personnel • Adequate crew rest • Adequate equipment for tasks assigned • Understand mission briefings • Don’t forget about visitors

19. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Conduct Safety Inspections • Update the Incident Commander on current or expected Safety Issues • Develop plans for safe operations • Brief mission staff on Safety issues • Mishap reporting & handling

20. Facilities • Emergency Numbers Posted • Evacuation Plans • Hazards marked and fixed if possible • Vehicles • Safe Working Condition • Operator prepared and familiar with vehicle Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Conduct Safety Inspections

21. Personnel • Adequate crew rest • Adequate equipment for tasks assigned • Understood mission briefings • Don’t forget about visitors Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Conduct Safety Inspections • Aircraft • Safe Working Condition • Crew prepared and familiar with aircraft

22. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Update the Incident Commander • Don’t be afraid to bring safety issues to the attention of the mission staff, and ultimately the Incident Commander • If you can handle it yourself, and it won’t interfere with operations, go ahead and do it • Realize that you may not be able to cover everything, but with practice and prior planning you will have safer operations in the long run

23. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Develop plans for safe operations • Develop, coordinate and post a written plan for dealing with major safety issues • Incorporate into the overall Incident Action Plan

24. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Brief mission staff on Safety issues • Safety briefings daily or at the beginning of operational periods is a good idea • Tells everyone who the Safety Officer is • Reinforces individual or crew briefings • Make briefings positive, upbeat, and quick • Enthusiasm helps • Hit the major issues • Don’t hold crews up any longer than necessary

25. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Brief mission staff on Safety issues • Make sure that all mission personnel know the risks that they could be exposed to like: • Runways in need of repair • Winds • Refueling procedures

26. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Mishap reporting & handling • Follow guidance in CAPR 62-1 and 62-2 for reporting and investigating mishaps • In allcases of mishaps : • Follow the wing mishap notification procedure • In allcases of mishaps that can be classified as an accident (see CAPR 62-2), an appropriate CAP member will: • Immediately notify the CAP NOC followed by the wing mishap notification procedure

27. Mission Safety Officer • MSO responsibilities: • Mishap reporting & handling • Have blank copies of the Safety Mishap Report Worksheet on hand • Do not release names of parties involved without prior permission from the Incident Commander

28. Mission Safety Officer • C-0001 Mission Safety Inspection • C-0002 Analyze Safety of Mission Operations • C-0003 Conduct Ground Team Safety Briefing • C-0004 Conduct Aircrew Safety Briefing • C-0005 Reporting & Handling Mishaps Involving CAP Personnel • C-0006 Preparing Safety Guidance For Non-participants • C-0007 Monitor Crew Rest, Fatigue, And Stress • P-1001 Develop Aircraft & Ground Operations Safety Plan • L-0101 Inspect a Vehicle • L-0102 Inspect an Aircraft Mission Safety Officer Tasks

29. Start with the CAPF 73 Vehicle Inspection Guide • Check each item to ensure compliance • Also look to see if any unsafe conditions exist concerning the vehicle and annotate them on the “Discrepancy Report” section on the back of the form • (e.g. Spare tire that is not secured, cracked windshield which impairs vision, missing or broken rear view mirror, floor mat or carpet interfering with brake pedal use, etc.) • “Rollover” warning decals are visible inside vehicle (currently only a “suggested” requirement)

30. Checking the Paperwork CAPF 73, Sep 03

31. Checking Inside the Vehicle CAPF 73, Sep 03

32. Ensure fire extinguishers and first aid kits are secure so they do not become projectiles during an emergency • Check the condition / operation of belts, harnesses, etc. • Check that gauges and horn work properly • Check that windshield wipers and washers work properly • Mirrors should be in place, functional and are adjustable as designed

33. Exterior windows should open and close as designed. This may save a life in an emergency. • Ensure CAP radios are secure so they do not become projectiles in an emergency

34. Checking the Vehicle Exterior CAPF 73, Sep 03

35. Check for damage, dents and/or missing parts • Look for signs of leaks (puddles under vehicle, drip marks, etc.) • Check all lights including: • Headlights • Taillights • Parking lights • Turn signals • Emergency flashers • Check that the back-up lights and back-up alarm work

36. You checked the operation of the windshield wipers and washers from the inside. Now it is time to visually inspect their condition. • You checked the functionality of the mirrors from the inside. Now it is time to visually inspect their condition. • Check the exhaust system • Visually check the system for holes and that the pipes are secure • Start the engine and check for exhaust leaks, both visually and by its sound

37. Tires should be inspected for: • Proper size and rating – see vehicle manufacturer’s placard located on driver’s door edge, doorpost, glove-box door, or inside the trunk lid • Proper air pressure – see vehicle manufacturer’s placard • Treadwear – see treadwear guidance found in attachment 5 of CAPR 77-1. In general tread should be greater than 1/16 inch deep and NOT worn down to the built-in “tread wear” indicator, which normally appears as a raised rubber bar in the tread.

38. Manufacturer’s tire pressure guidance placard

40. Tires must be inflated to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer • The pressure printed on the tires is the maximum allowable, not the best pressure for the particular vehicle • Under-inflated tires (low tire pressure) is one of the greatest factors in causing a “rollover” • Hydroplaning risks increase exponentially with low tire pressures. Hydroplaning occurs at speeds of about 9 times the square root of the tire pressure • At 25 PSI, hydroplaning occurs at (9 x 5) = 45 mph • At 81 PSI, hydroplaning occurs at (9 x 9) = 81 mph

41. CAPR 77-1 & CAPF 73 require checking tires once per month (However, daily is better) • Air pressure in the tires should be checked before use when the tires are relatively “cold” (been driven less than 1 mile in last 3 hours). • Air pressure in tires usually increases by approximately 4 psi as the tires are used for driving and become “warm” • If vehicle has already been driven, tires need 3 hours to cool before checking tire pressure

42. Stenciling the vehicle manufacturer’s suggested tire pressure on the wheel hub or on the fender above the tire is recommended

43. Stenciling the vehicle manufacturer’s suggested tire pressure in 1” numbers on the wheel hub or on the fender above the tire is recommended

44. Checking Under the Hood CAPF 73, Sep 03

45. Additional guidance for vehicle inspections can be found in CAPR 77-1 OR • By contacting the CAP NHQ/LGT (Transportation) (877) 227-9142 ext 275 or (DSN) 493-7748 ext 275 • By contacting the CAP/EXS (Safety Administrator) (877) 227-9142 ext 229 or (DSN) 493-7748 ext 229

46. What’s next? • Review: • CAPR 20-1, Organization of Civil Air Patrol • CAPR 35-1, Assignment and Duty Status • CAPR 35-2, Notification Procedures in Case of Death, Injury or Serious Illness • CAPR 60-1, CAP Flight Management • CAPR 60-3, CAP Emergency Services Training and Operational Missions • CAPR 62-1, CAP Safety Responsibilities and Procedures • CAPR 62-2, Mishap Reporting and Investigation • CAPR 77-1, Operation and Maintenance of CAP Vehicles • Complete the Senior Safety Course Test