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Explore the Modernist movement in poetry through the works and lives of Marianne Moore, William Carlos Williams, and e.e. cummings. Learn about their significance, literary devices used, and poetic analysis of selected works.
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Modernismpoetry movement Sharde Ibrahim RaymonCamitanRenz De Castro Kevin Julian
Modernism Movement • Movement occurred between 1890 and 1950 or even later. It is usually said to have begun with the French Symbolist movement and it artificially ends with the Second World War • The questions of impersonality and objectivity seem to be crucial to Modernist poetry • It was essential to move away from the merely personal towards an intellectual statement that poetry could make about the world where they distilled the personal into a poetic texture that claimed universal human significance • The speaker himself is uncertain about his or her own ontological bearings Stenographic Figure by Jackson Pollock
Literary Devices Used • Symbolism • Diction • Theme • Personification • Imagery • Irony • Metaphors
Marianne Moore • Born in Kirkwood, Missouri on November 15, 1887, & passed away from a series of strokes in 1972. • Came to the attention of poets as diverse as: • - Wallace Stevens • - William Carlos Williams • - T. S. Eliot • - Ezra Pound beginning with her • first publication in 1915 • In 1933, Moore was awarded the Helen Haire Levinson Prize for poetry. • Moore became a minor celebrity in New York literary circles. She attended boxing matches, baseball games and other public events. • In 1996, she was inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame. Notable works include: • The Past is the Present • The Paper Nautilus • The Pangolin
Poetry(1924) nor is it validto discriminate against 'business documents andschool-books'; all these phenomena are important. One must make a distinctionhowever: when dragged into prominence by half poets, the result is not poetry, nor till the poets among us can be'literalists of the imagination'--aboveinsolence and triviality and can present for inspection, 'imaginary gardens with real toads in them,’ shallwe haveit. In the meantime, if you demand on the one hand,the raw material of poetry inall its rawness andthat which is on the other handgenuine, you are interested in poetry. I, too, dislike it: there are things that are important beyond all this fiddle.Reading it, however, with a perfect contempt for it, one discovers init after all, a place for the genuine.Hands that can grasp, eyesthat can dilate, hair that can riseif it must, these things are important not because ahigh-sounding interpretation can be put we cannot understand: the batholding on upside down or in quest of something to eat, elephants pushing, a wild horse taking a roll, a tireless wolfundera tree, the immovable critic twitching his skin like a horse thatfeels a flea, the base-ball fan, the statistician-- • ← Irony:Says she dislikes poetry but expresses it through a poem. • ← Hyperbole:She cant completely hate poetry. • ← Comparing these significant parts to significant objects in poetry. • Suggests that real poetry should → • present "Imaginary gardens with real toads in them"
William Carlos Williams • Born 1883 in Rutherford, New Jersey and died 1963 • He studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania • Was closely associated with modernism and imagism • Was also a revolutionary figure in American poetry • He wanted his poetic line to reflect the rhythm of everyday speech and drew his subject matter from ordinary surroundings • His work is comprised of short stories, poems, and plays • Consciously wrote poetry that provided a counterpoint to that of Robert Frost, Ezra Pound, and T.S. Eliot Notable works include: • Apology • The Red Wheelbarrow • A Sort of a Song
Approach of Winter (1921) Poem Literary Analysis The half-stripped trees struck by a wind together, bending all, the leaves flutter drily and refuse to let go or driven like hail stream bitterly out to one side and fall where the salvias, hard carmine-- like no leaf that ever was-- edge the bare garden. . ← Personification: Leaves are personified since they are not actually holding onto something.← Simile: Used to demonstrate the intensity of the wind ← Diction : describes the intensity in color of the salvia, a hallucinogen plant.Imagery: Emphasizes the modernism, as imagery was used to get away from realism. The title itself, "Approach of Winter," is preparing for the future, which Modernists believed in, or Futurism.
e.e. cummings • Real name was Edward EstlinCummings • Born on October 14, 1894 and died September 3, 1962. • Well known for his extreme experimentation, particularly in regards to grammar, punctuation and physical structure • Refused to let himself be constrained by tradition, and expressed himself in the way that best embodied himself as poet and artist Notable works include: • "Gay" is the captivating cognomen • i like my body when it is with your • between the breasts
Buffalo Bill’s (1920) Poem Buffalo Bill 's defunct who used to ride a watersmooth-silver stallion and break onetwothreefourfivepigeonsjustlikethat Jesus he was a handsome man and what i want to know is how do you like your blueeyed boy Mister Death Literary Analysis Much in the way of stream-of-consciousness, cummings scoffs at traditional punctuation, jamming some words together (“onetwothreefourfive” and “pigeonsjustlikethat”) and breaking the sentences across the page.
Wallace Stevens • Wallace Stevens was born in Reading, Pennsylvania on October 2, 1879. • The son of a prosperous lawyer • He graduated with a degree from New York Law School in 1903 and was admitted to the U.S. Bar in 1904. • Stevens was concerned with the transformative power of the imagination • “Imagination" is not equivalent to consciousness nor is "reality" equivalent to the world as it exists outside our minds. Reality is the product of the imagination as it shapes the world. Because it is constantly changing as we attempt to find imaginatively satisfying ways to perceive the world, reality is an activity, not a static object. Notable works include: • The Snow Man (1921) • Harmonium (1923) • Ideas of Order (1936) • Owl's Clover (1936) • Parts of a World (1942) • Transport to Summer (1947) • The Auroras of Autumn (1950) • Collected Poems (1954)
Emperor of Ice Cream (1922) Poem Literary Analysis Call the roller of big cigars, The muscular one, and bid him whip In kitchen cups concupiscent curds. Let the wenches dawdle in such dress As they are used to wear, and let the boys Bring flowers in last month's newspapers. Let be finale of seem. The only emperor is the emperor of ice-cream. Take from the dresser of deal, Lacking the three glass knobs, that sheet On which she embroidered fantails once And spread it so as to cover her face. If her horny feet protrude, they come To show how cold she is, and dumb. Let the lamp affix its beam. The only emperor is the emperor of ice-cream. ← Symbolism: The muscular man symbolizes the physicality and sexuality that is left when one dies. ← The emperor of ice cream is referred to as a godlike deity that overlooks life. Stevens relates ice cream to life because ice cream melts over time and is temporary. Diction : Wallace Stevens chooses words that subtly reinforce his theme. For example, words that suggest sensuality and appetite are muscular, concupiscent, ice cream, and wenches.Theme: life is too short to let pass any opportunity to engage in pleasurable activity
Writing Prompt #1 Prompt: Carefully read and analyze the poem "The Red Wheelbarrow". Despite its briefness, the poem is one of William Carlos Williams' most famous poems. What literary device is utilized in order to get the effect demonstrated and how does it relate to the methods of Williams? What is the significance of the form the poem is written in? Explain. so much dependsupon a red wheel barrow glazed with rainwater beside the whitechickens.
Writing Prompt #2 Prompt: The Modernist movement began in the late 1890’s – early 1900’s. It was the time of revolutions, technological advances, and social changes. Read the following poemcarefully. Then, write a well-organized essay in which you analyze the techniques the poet uses to convey how these changes affected the movement. Approach of Winter The half-stripped trees struck by a wind together, bending all, the leaves flutter drily and refuse to let go or driven like hail stream bitterly out to one side and fall where the salvias, hard carmine-- like no leaf that ever was-- edge the bare garden. . - William Carlos Williams
Writing Prompt #3 Prompt: Why was the movement criticized? What for? For instance, some people believe that the notion “modernism” did not actually exist at those particular times. Why?
Interactive Lesson Read and analyze the following poem The Red Wheelbarrow by William Carlos Wialliams carefully. Despite the briefness of the poem, what is the significance of the poem, and what effect does the poem have on people. Analyze and describe the literary devices used to add emphasis to the meaning. so much dependsupon a red wheel barrow glazed with rainwater beside the whitechickens.
Quiz What kind of literature did modernism reject? Name one of the authors that Williams consciously wrote counterpoints against in his writing. What were the main characteristic of Modern poetry? Which event heavily influenced the Modernist movement? What particular literary technique was Modernism best known for? In William Carlos Williams's "A Red Wheelbarrow," Williams turns ordinary ________, into ________? In what ways are Modern poetry a reaction against Victorian poetry?
Answer #1 Romanticism and Victorian literature
Answer #2 There’s no structure, just free verse
Answer #3 Robert Frost, Ezra Pound, or T.S. Eliot
Answer #4 World War I
Answer #5 Imagery
Answer #6 Sentences into poems
Answer #7 Victorian poetry emphasizes formal diction and formalism, while Modern poetry is free verse and has no specific structure
Resources • http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/96 • http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/poetry/ • http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/wallace-stevenshttp://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/124 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace_Stevens • http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/approach-of-winter/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams • http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/119 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._E._Cummingshttp://famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/e__e__cummings • http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/176654
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