Tuesday, January 27 th , 2015

1. Tuesday, January 27th, 2015 You need notebook paper & something to write with! Draw Cornell notes….. Topic: ESPN of Europe!

2. The Geography & Peoples of Europe

3. European Countries

4. GIVE ME an “E”! HINT

5. Economic Systems • GDP of European countries varies greatly. • 5 of the top 10 wealthiest nations in the world - European. • W. Europe: Free Market • E. Europe: Socialist Countries in color are socialist.

6. The BeNeLux Countries • Belgium • Netherlands • Luxembourg • - Started as trade agreement, socially, politically similar!

7. European Union • Economic & political union of 27 countries located primarily in Europe. • Grows in size & power as new countries join. http://www.ecb.int/euro/intro/html/map.en.html • EU “born” because Europeans wanted to prevent the atrocities of WWII from ever happening again. • Eliminates Trade Barriers among members (NAFTA, ASEAN).

8. GIVE me a “P”…..

9. Political Systems • Red: Monarchy • Blue: Republic • US & Europe: constitutional democracies with elected representation. • European monarchies are limited in power. (ie parliament or some sort of representation for the people).

10. And then there is the “S”….

11. Members of the Indo-European Language Family

12. MajorReligiousGroupsinEurope

15. PopulationDistribution

16. PopulationGrowth

17. Genocide Definition: The deliberate & systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group. Bosnian Genocide: 1992-1995 during Bosnian War, target - Bosnian Muslims & Croations. Over 50,000 men, women & children murdered during this time. The Holocaust: murder of over 11 million people: Jews, Catholics, Protestants, Communists/political dissidents, Slavs, Jehovah's Witnesses, some Protestant pastors & Catholic priests, black people, mentally & physically disabled, as well as others. 1933 - 1945: 2 out of every 3 European Jews murdered.

18. IRA ( Irish Republican Army) Northern Ireland Ireland The World

19. Ireland & the IRA • IRA wanted independence from England to create an independent Irish republic • Post WWI British army sent over former World War I soldiers to fight; many settled in the N. part of Ireland • England gave Ireland freedom (1921), kept the Northern part is still a part of the UK today.

20. Last… But NOT LEAST…. eNvironment….. First… LANDFORMS and LACEMOPS… THEN… What are Europe’s current Environmental struggles and ISSUES… AND WHY????!!!!

21. 3 REGIONS

22. Northern Peninsulas Scandinavian Peninsula Jutland Peninsula

23. Southern Peninsulas CrimeanPeninsula Iberian Peninsula Italian Peninsula Balkan Peninsula AnatoleanPeninsula

24. Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide” 1500 miles The Urals divide the European & Asian sections of Russia.

25. Alpine Mountain System The Alps… France, Switzerland, Italy, & Austria NOT a barrier to trade as mtn passages are low.

26. Apennines Vesuvius, Pompeii • Mountainous spine of the Italian boot, volcanic activity Mt. Etna, Sicily

27. Fjords Fjords • Narrow deep inlets of the sea between high rocky cliffs. • Carved out by glaciers at the last ice age as the ice retreated • Coast of Norway & Iceland

28. Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers??

29. Capitals on the Rivers (1) Paris, right bank of the Seine London on the Thames Prague on the Vltava Budapest on the Danube

30. Capitals on the Rivers (2) Moscow on the Moscow River Berlin on the Spree Rome on the Tiber Vienna on the Danube

31. Answer: They are Europe’s lifeline!

32. The Volga River Longest river in Europe = 2,300 miles long. Extremely polluted!!

33. The Danube River 2nd longest river in Europe. Important for trade & hydroelectric power .

34. Lake Baikal, Siberia • The oldest and deepest lake in the world. • 20% of the world’s total UN-frozen water supply.

35. Reykjavik, Iceland: • Volcanoes • Hot Springs • Geysers

36. Mediterranean Islands Sardinia • Mountainous • Mediterranean Sea is polluted • Estimated it will take 1,000years to clean up. Cyprus Malta

37. English Channel: Body of water between England & France. Connects the Atlantic Ocean & the North Sea.

38. The “Chunnel Tunnel” • "Chunnel" links the UK & France. • Chunnel Tunnel: beneath the English Channel. • Travel by train or take car on ferry boat.

39. Europe’s Latitude v. US

40. Climate Zones

41. North Atlantic Drift • The Northern part of Western Europe has a marine west coast climate with mild cool summers and warm winters due to the NAD and prevailing westerly winds.

42. Vegetation Zones

43. Siberia --> Permafrost • Average temperatures of January vary from 32 to -58 (winter) and in July from 34 to 77!! • Population is 40 million (1/4 of the Russian population, yet ¾ of the landmass) • A former “gulag” Soviet prison camp.

44. Environmental Issues In Europe: 1. Acid Rain (Central Europe, Scandinavia, Eastern North America) 2. Air Pollution (United Kingdom) 3. Nuclear Disaster (Chernobyl, Ukraine)

45. Acid Rain • Precipitation + pollution = acid rain • Cause: burning of coal, gas, & oil by cars, factories, & power plants • Harms the environment and… a) damages statues, buildings, & bridges, b) has killed entire fish populations c) can harm forests and soil

46. Air Pollution/Smog • Destroys plant life • Causes building materials to deteriorate faster than usual Fog + pollution = Smog

47. CHERNOBYL: How Did This Happen? • Reactor overheated (4/26/86) • Winds carried radioactive material into N & Central Europe. • Soviet leaders concealed this for 2 days, refused outside help. • Health problems for people & their unborn children continue in this area.

48. Arrivederci! Good Bye! Au Revoir! Adios! Cairete! Auf Wiedersehen! Do Svidaniya!