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Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should know

Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should know. Jonathan Schultz, Ph. D. Student Walden University PUBH 8165-01 Dr. Howard Rubin Fall Quarter, 2010. Outline. Understand the significance of influenza Different strains of the Influenza virus Epidemic Influenza

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Disaster Preparedness: Influenza What every school administrator should know

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  1. Disaster Preparedness: InfluenzaWhat every school administrator should know Jonathan Schultz, Ph. D. Student Walden University PUBH 8165-01 Dr. Howard Rubin Fall Quarter, 2010

  2. Outline • Understand the significance of influenza • Different strains of the Influenza virus • Epidemic Influenza • The signs and symptoms associated with Influenza • How Influenza is spread • Preparations that can be put into place now in order to prevent a dangerous environment later.

  3. Influenza: A “common” virus with a potentially dangerous undertone • Influenza is well known and generally not perceived to be a risk. • Complacency can be costly • Prevention is key • Flu Pandemic of 1918 • 40-65 million deaths • Claimed more lives than the Holocaust, World War II, the Gulf War, the Vietnam War, September 11, 2001, and the Iraq/Afghanistan wars all combined Oracle Think Quest (n.d.). The cost of the Holocaust. Retrieved November 1, 2010 from http://www.library.thinkquest.org Oxford University (n.d.). War Chronicles. Retrieved November 1, 2010 from http://www.warchronicles.com/numbers/wwii/deaths.htm World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/

  4. Influenza: The Basics • Influenza is a virus • Cannot be treated with antibiotics • There are two main strains of the influenza virus • These strains differ in levels of intensity and lethality Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm Hall, C. (2001). Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. New England Journal of Medicine 344, 1917-1928.

  5. Influenza A vs. Influenza B

  6. Influenza A and Influenza B Influenza A Influenza B Medicine World (n.d.). How influenza virus evades the body’s immune response. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://medicineworld.org/stories/lead/5-2009/evade-the-bodys-immune-response.html WhyDoes (2009). Why does seine flu kill. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://www.whydoes.org/

  7. Influenza B • Only found in humans • Can be spread from human to human • Less severe than Influenza A • Important to note. While Influenza B still holds the ability to cause an epidemic, it has never caused a pandemic. Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm

  8. Influenza A Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm Phil, S. (2009). Are you afraid of the piglet flu? Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://flavorwire.com/46777/are-you-afraid-of-getting-piglet-flu#more-46777

  9. Influenza A Continued • Starts in animals • Potential to be severe • Most lethal form of Influenza • Responsible for epidemics as well as pandemics • Can beat the human immune system through rapid mutation Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm Centers for Disease Control (2010). How the flu virus can change: “Drift” and “Shift.” Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/change.htm

  10. Pandemic Flu Spanish Influenza 1918 Asian Influenza 1957 and Hong Kong influenza 1968 Less severe than 1918 pandemic 2 million deaths in 1957 1 million deaths in 1968 • Deadliest event in human history • 40-65 million deaths • Circled globe in 13 months World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/

  11. On the brink of another pandemic • World Health Organization “concerned” with new information. • Avian flu H5N1 • Most lethal avian flu on record • Began to jump from birds to humans World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/ World Health Organization (2010b). Avian Influenza – Situation in Indonesia – Update 4. Retrieved October 19, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_10_18/en/index.html

  12. Steps that you, the School Administrator can take Prevention is best!

  13. Signs and Symptoms Signs and symptoms • Fever • Muscle aches • Headache • Lack of energy • Dry cough • Sore throat • Vomiting and diarrhea in more severe cases Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 fromhttp://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm Centers for Disease Control (2010b). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm

  14. Transmission of Influenza • Coughing • Sneezing • Contact with infected surface http://ladyviral.blogspot.com/2010/08/weekend-coming-near.html Centers for Disease Control (2010). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm http://intlxpatr.wordpress.com/2007/11/12/

  15. Here is where you come into play • Promote that your students, faculty, and staff get vaccinated against influenza • Best form of protection • You can’t get sick from the flu SHOT • Flyer answering FAQs on the flu vaccine • National Influenza Vaccination Week flyer Centers for Disease Control (2010d). Vaccine Information Statements. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/default.htm#flu Flu.gov (2010). Know what to do about the flu: Vaccination. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/vaccination/index.html#TheSeasonalFluVaccine World Health Organization (2010c). Influenza Vaccine Update. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Avian_Flu_influenza_vaccine_development.pdf

  16. Host a School Located Vaccination Program • Great opportunity sponsored by CDC with benefits to you including: • Mass vaccination • Ensure greater numbers of students receive vaccination • In addition, CDC provides: • Template Letters Seeking Advanced Consent for Vaccination • Template to Alert Parents to Upcoming Planned Clinics • Template Consent Form for Use With Intramuscular, Injectable Formulation of Vaccine Centers for Disease Control (2010e). School-Located Vaccination Program Planning Materials. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/school_located_vac.htm

  17. Encourage Prevention • Cover mouth AND nose with a tissue or elbow, not hands • Wash hand with soap and hot water • Antibacterial soap if water is not available • Avoid putting hands in mouth and nose as this can transmit the virus. Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fighe Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf http://kerjasampinganaja.blogsome.com

  18. Disinfect, Disinfect, Disinfect!!! • The flu virus can live 2-8 hours outside of a human host. • Proper disinfection techniques can help keep living viruses off of surfaces. • CDCs Disinfection Recipe • Add 1 tablespoon of bleach to 1 quart (4 cups) of water. For a larger supply of disinfectant, add ¼ cup of bleach to 1 gallon (16 cups) of water. • Apply the solution to the surface with a cloth. • Let it stand for 3 to 5 minutes. • Rinse the surface with clean water. Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fight Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf

  19. Conclusion

  20. Resources • School-Located Vaccination Information and Materials • This website contains all of the information needed to set up a School-located Vaccination clinic • The Flu: A Guide for Parents  • This PDF file contains answers to many of the questions that parents might ask with regards to the last flu season, and your preparedness for this upcoming one. • The following links will take you to pre-made posters for educators from the Centers for Disease Control • COVER YOUR COUGH • Communication Toolkit for Schools (Grades K-12) • Take the Flu IQ quiz and test your knowledge about the Influenza Virus • Flu IQ • The following website gives weekly updates on flu activity throughout the country • http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/fluactivity.htm

  21. References • Centers for Disease Control (2005). Influenza Viruses. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm • Centers for Disease Control (2006). Transmission of Influenza A Viruses between Animals and People. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/transmission.htm • Centers for Disease Control (2010). How the flu virus can change: “Drift” and “Shift.” Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/change.htm • Centers for Disease Control (2010b). Influenza Symptoms and Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures. Retrieved October 18, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/labprocedures.htm • Centers for Disease Control (2010c). How Flu Spreads. Retrieved October 10, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm

  22. References • Centers for Disease Control (2010d). Vaccine Information Statements. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/default.htm#flu • Centers for Disease Control (2010e). School-Located Vaccination Program Planning Materials. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/school/school_located_vac.htm • Centers for Disease Control (2010f). Everyday Preventive Actions That Can Help Fighe Germs, Like Flu. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/family/everyday_preventive.pdf • Flu.gov (2010). Know what to do about the flu: Vaccination. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/vaccinationindex.html#TheSeasonalFluVaccine • Hall, C. (2001). Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. New England Journal of Medicine 344, 1917-1928.

  23. References • Medicine World (n.d.). How influenza virus evades the body’s immune response. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://medicineworld.org/stories/lead/5-2009/evade-the-bodys-immune-response.html • Phil, S. (2009). Are you afraid of the piglet flu? Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://flavorwire.com/46777/are-you-afraid-of-getting-piglet-flu#more-46777 • WhyDoes (2009). Why does seine flu kill. Retrieved October 1, 2010 from http://www.whydoes.org/ • World Health Organization (2010a). Ten Concerns if avian influenza becomes a pandemic. Retrieved October 2, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/influenza/pandemic10things/en/ • World Health Organization (2010b). Avian Influenza – Situation in Indonesia – Update 4. Retrieved October 19, 2010 from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2010_10_18/en/index.html • World Health Organization (2010c). Influenza Vaccine Update. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Avian_Flu_influenza_vaccine_development.pdf

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