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Expectations in Tourism Benoit Duguay. April 30 2010. Why does the tourist choose an activity or destination?. Beauty. Knowledge. S elf-actualization. Self-Esteem. Belongingness and love. Security. Physiological. Maslow’s Needs Concept. Needs according to Marketing.
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Expectations in Tourism Benoit Duguay April 30 2010
Beauty Knowledge Self-actualization Self-Esteem Belongingness and love Security Physiological Maslow’s Needs Concept Needs according to Marketing Tiré et adapté de: Maslow, Abraham H.,1954 , Motivation and Personality, Harper and Row, New York, p. 80-107
Functional Expects Requirements regarding the utilitarian aspects: • Health • Rest • Activities offered • Features included in the service
Symbolic Expects Hyperlink Requirements regarding the expression of a connotation or an image: • Prestige of the destination • Life-Style • Wealth
Aspirational Expects Requirements regarding deeply rooted aspirations: • Fantasies • Self-Image • Idealization • Self-actualization • Compensation for a weak Self-Esteem • Examples : • Pilgrimage to Saint-Jacques de Compostelle • Spiritual Tourism in Tibet Hyperlink
Sensory Expects • Pleasure of consumption • Pleasure of the senses (tactile, visual, olfactory, auditory, gustatory) • Sensuality • Pleasant souvenirs Requirements regarding pleasure: Hyperlink
Financial Expects Hyperlink Requirements regarding price: • Lowest price • Price VS service • Price VS quality • Price VS image
Relational Expects Requirements regarding the nature of the relationship with the merchant or other users: • Very personalized service • « Self-service » • After-sales follow-up • User clubs, motorcycle for example
Societal Expects • Preservation of resources • Reduction of pollution • Fair Tourism • Ecotourism • Sustainable Tourism Development Requirements regarding respect for the environment and populations:
Aesthetic Expects Requirements regarding appearance: • Visual aesthetics, such as the beauty of landscapes • Function of cultural norms and personal preferences • Preserving the natural charm of some tourist (e.g.: silting of Mont St-Michel ) Hyperlink
Informational Expects Requirements for obtaining information: • Information must be friendly, objective, comprehensive • Being informed more quickly and at your whim • Impact on organizational communications • For example, information concerning services included in a package
Temporal Expects • Immediacy • Planning the purchase • Payment scheduling Time-related requirements:
To learn more about Expects Blog «Talk about consumption» Hyperlink Books shortly to be translated in English Hyperlink Hyperlink Hyperlink