Unit 7 Not on My Block

1. BookⅡ Unit 7 Not on My Block The Second Two Periods Reading and Translation Designed by Shi Yuan

2. Reading and Translation • Review—Memorize the new words • Comprehension of the text • Chinese and English phrases • Words and expressions • Difficult sentences • Assignments

3. Comprehension of the textPart Division of the Text • Part one: (para. 1-3): • Introduction: the author briefly introduced the beginning of the story. • Part two: (para. 4-17): • Body: in order to leave her grandchildren a healthy environment, Ethel Armstead talked with these drug dealers again and again. Besides that, she did much more things to the local citizen. • Part three: (para. 18-19): • Conclusion: Armstead's efforts were redounded upon. A young man gave up drugs and set himself on the right path.

4. True or False ( ) F 1. Mrs. Armstead had moved from a respectable neighborhood. Mrs. Armstead had moved from a tough neighborhood. 2. Mrs. Armstead didn’t realize that drug dealers frequented her “new” house until she moved in. ( ) T 3. When Mrs. Armstead said “Excuse me, I live here.” to the young men, they didn’t stand up. ( ) F They stood up reluctantly. 4. After Mrs. Armstead went into her house, the young men left her front steps. ( ) F They reseated themselves on her steps. 5. Mrs. Armstead learned that her house had been used by drug dealers for a long time. ( ) T

5. Comprehension of the text Questions • 1. Why did Ethel Armstead take to the gray row house right away? • Because it had an extra bedroom and a big backyard where her grandkids could play. The marble stoop would be perfect spot to sit on summer evenings. • 2. What did Armstead see when she came home from work that first night after moving into her new house? • She found a bunch of tough-looking young men sitting on her front steps.

6. 3. How did the young men respond when Armstead told them to make way for her? • They rose reluctantly, staring at her with cold, hard eyes. • 4. Who were the young men? Why did they occupy Armstead's front steps? • They were drug dealers. They occupied her front steps because they hid their drugs under the front steps. And as a steady stream of cars and foot traffic passed by, the dealers conducted business on the stoop.

7. 5. What did Armstead decide to do a month or so after she moved in? • She decided to talk to those young men. • 6. Did the young men do as they were told to? • Yes, these young men left. But a few days later, they came back again and again.

8. Words and expressions • Stoop • 1. n. (in North America) porch or unroofed platform or set of steps at the entrance to a house • The stoop is big enough to sit on. • 2. v. bend the body forwards and downwards • 她弯下腰来摘一朵花。She stooped to pick a flower. • He stooped his head and got into the car.

9. peer: vi. look closely, as if unable to see well • He was peering through the wet windscreen at the cars ahead. • Jack peered into the darkness. • Collocation: • peer at凝视着… • peer through通过…凝视 • peer into 盯着 • peer from behind从…后面往外看 • CF: • glance, stare & peer这几个词都是动词，都有“看，看见”之意。 • glance指被某人或某物所吸引或在匆忙中短暂地看，即“瞥视”、“匆匆一看”。 • stare意为“盯住”、“注视”、“凝视”，指出于好奇、惊讶、茫然或赞叹等原因而瞪大眼睛长时间、直接地注视。 • peer通常指半闭着眼睛或眯着眼睛看，并伴随着向前移动，含有好奇地看或难以看清的意味。 • 1.The old man peered at her over his spectacles. • 2. The editor glanced over the manuscript. • 3. He peered through the darkness, trying to find the traffic sign to show the right way. • 4. It’s very impolite to stare at other people.

10. vacant: adj. empty; not occupied • He was offered the position of headmaster when it fell vacant. • Only a few apartments were still vacant. • CF: • empty, vacant & blank这几个词都是形容词，都有“空的，空着的”之意。 • empty主要表示某空间没有人或物，无任何内容。 • vacant通常只限于指没有人占据的地方或位置。 • blank指上面没有字迹或其他标记。 • 1. Please write your name in the blank space at the top of the page. • 2. May I leave my coat in that vacant chair? • 3. He applied for a vacant position. • 4. He dropped the empty can into the wastebin. • 5. Use a blank sheet of paper. • 6. He drove through streets empty of traffic.

11. shoot up: • 1) inject oneself or another person (with a narcotic drug) • Vancouver hopes to save hundreds of lives by opening street clinics where heroin addicts can shoot up safely. • Kids as young as twelve are shooting up heroin. • 2) rise suddenly and rapidly • Demand for water has shot up by 70% over the last 30 years. • Gas prices shot up when the Gulf War broke out.

12. occupy: vt. take up, fill (space, time, attention, farm, country, town, etc.) • 这房子有人住。The house is occupied. • Before becoming prime minister, he had already occupied several cabinet posts. • Work will occupy your mind and help you forget about him. • Collocation: • be occupied in / with…使…忙于，使…从事 • NB: • occupy 的名词为occupation。该词除了表示“占领”外，还有“职业”之意。

13. drift: vi. • 1) (of persons) go hither and thither without a clear purpose • She drifts from one job to another. • During our stay in the Czech Republic I took some time off to drift through Prague. • 2) be carried along by a current of air or water • The snow has drifted everywhere. • The boat drifted out to the sea. • Collocation: • drift along漫无目的地游荡；迷迷糊糊地过日子 • drift apart分开；疏远 • drift into / toward渐渐进入；陷入 • drift with随…漂流 • drift from… to…从…漂流到… • drift back逐渐回去

14. rise to the challenge / occasion: act successfully in response to a difficult situation which is entirely new or unexpected • The UN Secretary General Coffi Annan called on G8 summit to rise to the challenge of fighting the world’s many ills. • Responding to the tsunami tragedy, top athletes in the world rose to the occasion by donating generously and by urging others to follow suit.

15. be addicted to: be given to, habitually or compulsively • Fifty million Americans are addicted to nicotine. • 他嗜读如命。He was addicted to reading. • NB: • addict作为名词，表示“入迷的人”、“上瘾的人”。

16. confront: vt. face boldly (and deal with); face (sb.) so that they cannot avoid it • The problems confronting the new government were enormous. • When confronted with a weapon, often we are so fearful that we do not realize that the individual with the weapon may be as afraid as we are.

17. turn over: • 1) fall over, upset, turn upside down • 公交车翻了，致使5人死亡，10人受伤。Five people died and ten others were injured when the bus turned over. • She turned the turkey over in the oven so that one side of the bird wouldn’t be overdone. • 2) give the control of sb. / sth. to • He turned over his business to his son. • An Al-Qaeda suspect was turned over to the US by Pakistan.

18. property: n. • Property prices have shot up recently. • Many Americans have bought a second property in the Mediterranean countries. • 2) things owned; possessions • The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests' personal property. • Intellectual property rights are the rights given to people over the creations of their minds. • NB: • property 作“地产，房地产”解时，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，作“所有物，财产”解时，为不可数名词。 • Collocation: • seize property没收财产 • inherit property继承财产 • transfer property转移财产 • recover property追回财产 • personal (movable) property动产 • real property不动产

19. check in on: verify, ascertain or monitor the condition of • The International Committee of the Red Cross said it checked in on captured Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein for the first time last Saturday. • Stephen checked (in) on her several times during the night.

20. take to:adopt as a practice or a hobby, as a means of livelihood • 别染上恶习。Don’t take to bad habits. • Howard Schultz took to drinking freshly brewed coffee as a college student and after graduation he founded Starbucks Café.

21. fuss: • 1. n. unnecessary nervous agitation, especially over unimportant things • James said he'd better be getting back or there'd be a fuss. • Don’t make so much fuss over such trifles. • 2. vi. pay too much attention to unimportant things • 不要为孩子们过于操心。Don’t fuss over the children so much. • Paul was fussing with his clothes, trying to get his tie straight. • Collocation: • kick up / make a fuss 挑起事端；引起忙乱 • a fuss about / over / of…为…大惊小怪 • make a fuss about nothing小题大做 • fuss about / over为…而大惊小怪 • fuss with… 对…过分讲究

22. take a stand: declare one’s position, opinion, etc. • While he was still in prison, Nelson Mandela took a stand for the liberation of all races, all people. • Examples abound in history of people who took a stand for what they believed in.

23. wage: vt. carry on, engage in (war, campaign, etc.) • The police are waging war on drug pushers in the city. • The council has waged a vigorous campaign against the proposal.

24. cautious: adj. having or showing caution • The air-pollution board has reacted with cautious optimism to the announcement. • Cautious steps have to be taken to bring the economy back on track. • Pattern: • be cautious about / of注意… • be cautious in doing（做某事）注意 • be cautious with小心… • CF: • careful & cautious这两个词都是形容词，都有“小心的， 谨慎的”之意。 • careful意为“细心的”、“小心的”、“谨慎的”，指对工作或责任非常谨慎小心，避免出差错，着重指积极的态度，为最普通的一个词。强调“细心”的含义。 • cautious意为“小心的”、“细心的”、“慎重的”，语气比careful强，指兢兢业业，时时小心，防止出危险或差错。强调“提防”、“慎重”的含义。 • 1. He is extremely cautious in the use of words. • 2. Be careful not to make mistakes. • 3. We saw in the museum a careful copy of mural paintings. • 4. You should be very cautious when crossing the road.

25. establish: vt. create or set up • The city of Boerne was established by German settlers in the 1840s. • I wondered why he should bother to try and establish contact with me. • CF: • establish, found & set • 这几个词都是动词，都有“建立”之意。 • establish表示不仅打下基础，而且持续发展、生存，强调稳定性、不可动摇，而不是置于某一地方、状态、位置的动作。 • found表示采取最初的步骤、措施，将需要建立的事物发展起来，常常通过提供必要的资金。 • set在这几个词中涵盖最广，有时表示为特定某目的将某物置于或固定在某一特定位置；有时表示设立一些限制；有时表示在某一工作、情形中受命安排某事或处置某物；偶尔也表示某人将精力、注意力集中到特定的物体上。 • 1. She set her heart on winning a scholarship. • 2. The judgment will establish a precedent. • 3. Laws are founded on human experience. • 4. This company was established/founded in 1861. • 5. The ancient Romans founded colonies throughout Europe. • 6. He set food and drink before the travelers.

26. prompt: vt. cause (sb. to do sth.) • Actor Jet Li says the high number of suicides in China prompted him to make his new movie about kung fu master Huo Yuanjia, saying he wants to inspire youngsters to live life to the fullest like Huo did. • What prompted you to buy that suit?

27. step up: increase • 我们和外国的贸易正在逐步增加。Our trade with foreign countries is stepping up. • Microsoft is to step up its fight against piracy by requiring users who visit its download sites to verify their installation.

28. explode: v. • 1) burst out; show violent feelings • Paul exploded. “What has it got to do with you?” he yelled. • My anger exploded, and I punched her in the face. • 2) burst with a loud noise • When the bomb exploded around 100 people were hurt. • Far sooner than anyone thought possible, the Russians exploded an atomic bomb. • adj. explosive eg. explosive news • n. explosion

29. impact: n. strong impression or effect • The impact of cloning is far reaching. • Higher mortgage rates have already had a major impact on spending. • Pattern: • have / make an impact on / upon对…有影响

30. get through: get across, be communicated • They have to use body languages to get messages through. • I left as soon as your message got through to me.

31. Difficult sentences • The group of seven young men rose reluctantly, staring at her with cold, hard eye. • 那几个年轻人极不情愿地站起来，眼睛恶狠狠地盯着她。 • As a steady stream of cars and foot traffic passed by, the dealers conducted business on the stoop. • 门前车辆，行人川流不息，交易者就在门廊外进行交易。

32. But it wasn’t the first time she’d risen to an unexpected challenge. • 但是这并非她第一次奋起面对突如其来的挑战了。 • The next day, she confronted the leader of the group, a young man in jeans and a white T-shirt. • 第二天，她直接找到那帮人的头，那是一个身穿牛仔裤和白色体恤衫的年轻人。

33. I shouldn’t have to say “Excuse me” to get into my own house. • 我本不需要说对不起就能进入我的房子。 • Not long ago, Armstead ran into one of the men who used to hang out on her steps. • 不久前，阿姆斯特德偶然碰到了以前常在她家台阶上晃悠的一个人。 • It make ne feel good to know my message got through to at least one young man. • 知道自己的那些话至少说服了一个年轻人，这就让我很开心了。

34. Assignments • Read the new words by heart after class, next time we’ll have a dictation. • Read the phrases again and again. • Do the rest exercises. • Preview Writing.