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Developmental Cognitive Disability DCD

Definition. Condition resulting in intellectual functioning significantly below averageAndConcurrent deficits in adaptive behavior that adversely affects educational performance and requires special education and related services. Criteria. Significantly below average general intellectual function

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Developmental Cognitive Disability DCD

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    1. Developmental Cognitive Disability (DCD) What it is and what you need to know to help students

    2. Definition Condition resulting in intellectual functioning significantly below average And Concurrent deficits in adaptive behavior that adversely affects educational performance and requires special education and related services

    3. Criteria Significantly below average general intellectual functioning Mild-moderate range (2 SD below mean) Severe-profound range (3 SD below mean) Wechsler Intelligence Tests for Children – Fourth Edition Woodcock-Johnson Cognitive Tests

    4. Criteria (cont.) Below average adaptive behavior in school and home/community At or below 15th percentile Documentation of need in 4 of 7 adaptive domains Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale Adaptive Behavior Assessment System

    5. Incidence 1% of general population Pine Island 2006 Child Count 11 (0.9% of student population)

    6. Characteristics Development at slower rate Difficulties with particular areas of basic thinking and learning Can be taught useful reading and number skills Not emotionally impaired but may be immature Information learned in one setting not applied to another

    7. Characteristics (cont.) Retention of information taught may be brief Interaction with environment may not result win the acquisition of new skills Difficulty articulating needs and wants Change of environment of instructional approach may be difficult

    8. Educational Implications Have the capacity to learn, develop and grow Majority become productive, full participants in society Modifying instruction is the starting point for successful learning Concrete materials, interesting, relevant

    9. Instructional Strategies Small, sequential steps with frequent review Prompt and consistent feedback Teach skills that students will use frequently Formulate expectations based on ability Concrete and clear instruction

    10. Instructional Strategies (cont.) Work toward independence Reduce distractions Multi-sensory approaches Encourage self-evaluation Immediate, positive reinforcement Give sincere praise

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