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G lobal O cean O bserving S ystem

G lobal O cean O bserving S ystem. Some call it the WOW. GOOS Objectives. Specify (space, time, quality) the ocean data needed on a continuing basis Implement an internationally coordinated strategy for ocean data gathering and exchange

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G lobal O cean O bserving S ystem

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  1. Global Ocean Observing System Some call it the WOW

  2. GOOS Objectives • Specify (space, time, quality) the ocean data needed on a continuing basis • Implement an internationally coordinated strategy for ocean data gathering and exchange • Facilitate the development of uses and products of these data and encourage their application for the protection of the environment

  3. Global Observing Systems • Climate - GCOS • Terrestrial - GTOS • Ocean – GOOS • WWW and GAW (chemical) Global Observing Systems Information Center www.gosic.org

  4. GOOS Background On-going activities (IGOSS from the early 70s, GLOSS from the early 80s, CPR since the 40s, and many more) POMS – Pilot Ocean Monitoring Study 1979 (SCOR, IOC, JOC for GARP) WOW suggested at the IOC from mid 1980s to early 1990s TOGA, WOCE, IGBP – 1980s and 1990s CCCO’s Ocean Observing System Development Program (OOSDP) in the 1980s (first action plan 1984) A special OOSD-Panel then produced a plan for An Ocean Observing System for Climate (1995) which formed the basis for initial GOOS activities

  5. GOOS Today • Global Implementation through enhancement of traditional observing systems (SL, drifters etc) • Regional planning and Implementation by GOOS Regional Alliances (GRAs) • Coastal program planning (COOP) • Pilot Projects • ARGO • GODAE • CARBON • COOP (RAMP, CAOS, PhytoNet, ---) • Strong Reliance on Satellites

  6. GOOS Regional Alliances Euro GOOS Euro GOOS US GOOS NEAR GOOS Med GOOS Black Sea GOOS A F R I C A GOOS-AFRICA IOCARIBE GOOS SEA GOOS IO GOOS PI-GOOS GRASP Trop South Atlan GOOS WA GOOS

  7. Data Delivery • Surface Drifters (SVP/GTS) – 95% • Sea Level - Fast 86%, MSL 76% • XBTs (GTS) – roughly 70% • ARGO – 95% • Moorings (GTS) - Good

  8. Observation Trends • Drifters (SVP) - up 15% 2001-2003 • Sea Level • FAST - 10 stations added 2003 • MSL - stable since 1998 • XBT- Down 27% 1999-2003 0verall but HDX growing steadily • ARGO - Up, up and away • Moorings – primary arrays - encouraging Others - erratic

  9. Surface Drifter Program(Requirement -1250 by 2005) • Jan 2002: 1207 overall, 652 SVP/GTS • Jan 2003: 1249 “ 714 “ • Jan 2004: 1459 “ 908 “ 1598 905 • Measurements (SVP) – Jan 2004 • SST-837/835 • SLP-336/326 (May 2004) • Wind-40/27

  10. XBT Program • High Density lines (HDX) • 4 transects/yr/50km spacing • Frequently Repeated Lines (FRX) • 18 transects/yr/150km spacing • Low Density lines (LDX) • 12 transects/yr/150km spacing

  11. High Density XBT Program • Overall Program - 27 lines plus Med • 2002 -19 lines/73 transects - 96% • 2003 -19 lines/64 transects - 84% • 2002/3 8 of 27 not done at all • Med underway since 1999 8 lines operated early on, presently 2 • New Brazilian Line starting June 2004 • Victoria –Trinidade, 6 transects/yr

  12. 2003 FRX and LDX XBTS FRX operated at the 25% level • 3 of 30 lines done well, 11 partially LDX operated at 10%

  13. Sea Level - GLOSS Core Network - 290 MSL stations • Subsets • Ocean Circulation (OC) • Long Term Trends • Altimeter calibration Fast Delivery - 142 stations

  14. OC Sea level Subset Pairs of stations • Across narrow straits not suitable for altimetry • Across wider straits, choke points and basin-sections to measure transport variability of particular interest • Along polar coastlines, especially Antarctica, where winter ice precludes altimetry 19 locations (68 possible sites) identified

  15. MOORINGS • Basic GOOS network at present - National off-shore and tropical (TAO, TRITON, PIRATA) • Overall reported by JCOMMOPS April 2004 357 from 13 countries GTS/183 SST/174 SLP/117 wind/161 sub-T/72 USA 117 115 73 108 49 Japan 12 10 9 9 10 UK 7 5 5 4 0 Can 21 21 21 21 0

  16. Final statement - summary • world_map_geo.jpg

  17. ARGO+ • 1240 Active May 2004 • 895 funded for 2004 • 2405 funded 2005-2007 • Few others around • Med, Black Sea • Target: 04-1800, 05-2500, 06-3000 • Expected life of an ARGO float is 4 years • 140 profiles, one every 10 days

  18. ARGO Network May 2004

  19. GOOS Coastal Program • Integrated* strategic design plan completed and issued 2003 with subsystems for • Monitoring • Data acquisition, management, dissemination • Assimilation and analysis • Implementation plan finalized June 2004 and issued December 2004 *C-GOOS, LMR and HOTO

  20. Initial Subsystem for Coastal Observations Physical: SL, temp, sal, currents, waves, bathymetry, shoreline position, sediment grain size, attenuation of solar radiation Chemical: sediment organic content, dissolved inorganic N, P and S, dissolved oxygen Biological: benthic biomass, phytoplankton biomass, faecal indicators Some Others: seabirds, oil, metals, pesticides

  21. Pre 2000 Coastal MonitoringMeteorology Oceanography

  22. Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) 1st Objective Apply state of the art ocean models and assimilation methods to produce: • Short -range open ocean forecasts, • boundary conditions to extend predictability of coastal and regional subsystems, and • initial conditions for climate forecast models

  23. GODAE 2nd Objective Provide global ocean analyses for: developing improved • Understanding of the of the oceans • Assessments of the predictability of ocean variability, a basis for improving the design and effectiveness of GOOS

  24. GODAE Phases • Development 2000-2002 • Demonstration 2003-2005 • Consolidation and establishment of permanent systems. Transition to operational systems. 2006-2007

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