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University of Georgia Department of Pathology. Case # A08-42542. Janildo Reis, Alvin C. Camus, Elizabeth W. Howerth and Cecil Jennings. Signalment & History. Adult robust redhorse sucker ( Moxostoma robustum ). Found dead in tank with no reported clinical signs.
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University of Georgia Department of Pathology Case # A08-42542 Janildo Reis, Alvin C. Camus, Elizabeth W. Howerth and Cecil Jennings. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Signalment & History • Adult robust redhorse sucker (Moxostoma robustum). • Found dead in tank with no reported clinical signs. Picture from American Fisheries Society http://www.sdafs.org/ncafs/Newsletters/April2000/index.html Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Necropsy findings Catfish with similar lesions. Multiple white pinpoint nodules throughout the skin of the head. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Microscopic findings Fresh gill clipping: Note typical horseshoe nucleus (trophozoites) Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Microscopic findings Nodular hyperplasia and dysplasia of the epidermis replacing accessory structures. Normal skin - accessory structures are present. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Microscopic findings Epidermal hyperplasia and dysplasia associated with a parasitic structure. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Microscopic findings Skin: H&E Gill: H&E • 60 to 150 um, round to oval, single cell ciliated protozoan (trophozoite). • 1-2 um thick hyaline wall, abundant granular and vacuolated basophilic cytoplasm • 20 to 50um deeply basophilic nucleus, in some sections of gills present horseshoe shaped nucleus. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Microscopic findings • Secondary findings • Gills • Hyphae consistent with Saprolegnia spp. • Mixed bacterial colonies. • Skin • Trematode metacercaria encysted in the dermis. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Morphologic diagnosis Skin, head: Severe, nodular, lymphoplasmacytic and hyperplastic dermatitis, with intralesional protozoans, consistent with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Background information • Disease names: White Spot Disease or ichthyophthiriosis(“Ich”) • Etiology - Ichthyophthirius multifiliis • Obligate parasite • Large ciliated protozoan with characteristic horseshoe shaped nucleus • One of the most common freshwater parasite • Mortalities may reach 100% • Clinical signs and lesions: • Pinpoint white nodules widely distributed • Body surface and gills • Signs of hypoxia • Increased respiratory rate, lethargy and “flashing” • Life cycle is temperature dependent - important to treatment Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Life cycle Trophozoite Theronts Tomites Tomont http://parasitology.informatik.uni-uerzburg.de/login/n/h/0702.html Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only
Questions? Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Rio de Janeiro
Red & Black Rocks!! Bulldogs Flamengo Thank you! Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only