Understanding Scale

1. Understanding Scale

2. SCALE:a comparison of distances on a map to distances on the earth • METHODS OF PORTRAYING SCALE ON A MAP: • Graphic Scale = scale bar • Verbal Scale = written statement • Fractional Scale = representative fraction

3. What kind of scale? “One inch to 5 miles” Verbal scale

4. What kind of scale? 1:316,800 or 1/316,800 Fractional Scale

5. What kind of scale? Graphic Scale

8. Scale: One of the “map essentials”!

9. When scale is not shown on a map – Beware!

16. The Week Magazine, July 4-11, 2008

18. These mushroom spores are too small to see, so we put them under a MICROSCOPE. When we can see them, we can study them.

19. This planet is too big to see, so we put it under a MACROSCOPE. When we can see it, we can study it.

23. Scale is Critical to Critical Thinking • Using reason to decide what to believe • Helps you assess the authenticity and accuracy of information • Helps you apply careful, precise, persistent and objective analysis of any knowledge claim or belief to judge its validity.

24. Format of Many pre-1914 German School Atlases

25. Comparative Size of Germany and USA in 1914

27. ETHNIC CONFLICT AND THE CONCEPT OF SCALE • Ethnic conflicts abound on the world political map. To understand them, we use a set of concepts: • minorities • majorities

28. What is a minority? “the smaller in number of two groups constituting a whole” - Merriam-Webster OnLine Djibouti’s Ethnic Composition: Somali 60% Afar 35%

29. SERENDIB CEYLON SRI LANKA

31. Sri Lanka • Formerly Ceylon, now an island Republic in the Indian Ocean just southeast of India • A British colony since 1796 became independent in 1948 • Marked by hostility among its ethnic groups

32. With about three-quarters of the population, what ethnic group in Sri Lanka is in the majority? • Moors • Sinhalese • Tamils • Burghers

33. SINHALESE Language = Sinhala Buddhist Religion =

34. With about one-fifth of the population, what ethnic group in Sri Lanka comprises the largest minority? • Moors • Sinhalese • Tamils • Burghers

35. TAMILS Language = Tamil Religion = Hindu

36. Leaves from Pipul tree Are Buddhist symbols Lion – Kingdom of Kandy Sinhalese Green – Muslim Orange - Tamil

40. Ethnic comes from the Greek word ethnos meaning “nation” or “life way.” Yet, in our current lexicon we use it to describe a country. Within nations exist ethnic minorities. Sri Lanka: 4 million Tamils Sri Lanka: 15 million Sinhalese

42. Ethnic Geography: Who’s the minority? Sri Lanka: 4 million Tamils Sri Lanka: 15 million Sinhalese India: 63 million Tamils India: no Sinhalese

44. Religious Geography: Sri Lanka: 4 million Hindus Sri Lanka: 15 million Buddhists India: 800 million Hindus India: very few Buddhists

46. The Buddhist Realm: • Sri Lanka: 15 million Buddhists • Ladakh (India) 200,000 Buddhists • Bhutan 2 million Buddhists • Tibet 3 million Buddhists • Myanmar 50 million Buddhists • Thailand 60 million Buddhists • China Buddhist?

48. Pattern Probing Using Scale • If we are close, Then, we see lots of detail, but may not recognize overall patterns. • If we are far away, Then we miss lots of detail, but recognize overall patterns.

49. How does the use of a “macroscope” change your view of the following islands? ● Ireland: Who’s the minority? Catholics or Protestants? ● Cyprus: Who’s the minority? Greeks or Turks? ● Timor: Who’s the minority? Muslims or Christians?

50. SCALE:a comparison of distances on a map to distances on the earth • METHODS OF PORTRAYING SCALE ON A MAP: • Graphic Scale = scale bar • Verbal Scale = written statement • Fractional Scale = representative fraction