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Ecosystem Model

Ecosystem Model. 3.1 Ecosystems. Factors such as food, water, shelter, and space affect populations in an ecosystem . . Introduction . What is an ecosystem?. All living & non-living things that interact in an environment . Ecosystems. Abiotic is nonliving things in an ecosystem.

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Ecosystem Model

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  1. Ecosystem Model

  2. 3.1 Ecosystems Factors such as food, water, shelter, and space affect populations in an ecosystem.

  3. Introduction

  4. What is an ecosystem? All living & non-living things that interact in an environment

  5. Ecosystems Abioticis nonliving things in an ecosystem. Biotic is living things in an ecosystem

  6. What are Some Types of Ecosystems? Terrestrial Ecosystems • Terrestrial ecosystems are ecosystems on land. • They can be as big as a continent, or as small as an island! • They make up about 28% of the entire World’s ecosystems.

  7. Examples of Terrestrial Ecosystems • Forests • Deserts • Grasslands

  8. Aquatic Ecosystems • There is something special about aquatic ecosystems. • There is actually two different types of aquatic ecosystems. • One type is freshwater –such as pond , rivers and streams • The other type is saltwater. • Both types, however, are ecosystems that are in the water.

  9. Saltwater Ecosystems • Saltwater ecosystems are again in the water, but unlike freshwater ecosystems, saltwater ecosystems have very salty water. • They also make up the vast majority of the Earth’s ecosystems. • They are the world’s largest ecosystems. • Some examples of saltwater ecosystems are oceans and coral reefs.

  10. What Do Organisms in an ecosystem need?

  11. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food

  12. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter

  13. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR Water

  14. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR LIMITING FACTORS Space Water

  15. What are limiting factors? • Limiting factors are things that can limit the size of a population • Food • Water • shelter • space

  16. What are the rules of an ecosystem? Everything is connected to everything else. 2. Everything must go somewhere in an environment

  17. Organisms live together in many different levels and classifications.

  18. Levels of Organization in Ecosystems Species: An organism that creates a viable, fertile offspring through the process of reproduction.

  19. Levels of Organization in Ecosystems Population: A group of organisms of the same species living at the same place at the same time.

  20. Levels of Organization in Ecosystems Community: Different populations of organisms interacting with each other in the same habitat.

  21. Levels of Organization in Ecosystems Habitat: The place and conditions in which a population and biological community exist.

  22. Organization Pyramid BiosphereEcosystemsCommunitiesPopulationSpeciesOrganismsOrgan SystemOrgansTissuesCellsOrganellesMoleculesAtoms

  23. Importance of the habitat Organisms need to satisfy all of their needs for life within their habitats. • Theycompete for • Food • Water • Shelter • Space

  24. Importance of the habitat Competition- interaction between individuals or populations for available resources. This usually has a negative effect for all organisms.

  25. Importance of the habitat Niche An organism’s role, or “job” within the habitat and ecosystem. This includes….. - The specific area an organism inhabits - The role or function of an organism or species in an ecosystem. - The interaction of all biotic and abiotic factors relating to it.

  26. Draw and complete chart! Biotic Abiotic Species Community Habitat • Definition • Example

  27. 8L 3.2 • Summarize the relationships among produces, consumers, and decomposers including the positive and negative consequences of such interaction.

  28. Food Chains and Food Webs 1 What is energy? 2 Why is energy important? 3 What is the ultimate source of all energy? 4 What are producers and autotrophs? Examples 5. How do organisms make their own food? 6. What are consumers and heterotrophs?

  29. Food Chains and Food Webs 7. What is a primary consumer? Examples 8. What is a secondary consumer? Example • What are decomposers? • How is energy moved through an ecosystem? • What are trophic levels? • What is a food chain?

  30. What is energy? • The ability to do work. • All living things need energy to survive.

  31. Why is energy important to an ecosystem? • All organisms require energy for cell function: growth, maintenance, reproduction, locomotion, etc.. • For all organisms theremustbe: 1. A source of energy 2. A loss of usable energy

  32. What is the ultimate source of all energy in any ecosystem? • The SUN • Without the sun most basic forms of life would not exist Plants, algae, and some Bacteria convert energy from the sun into food.

  33. Food Chains & Food Webs • Because of this need for energy organism in an ecosystem are connected by feeding relationships. • Energy flows from the sun to organism to organism • Autotroph • Producer • Heterotroph • Consumer • Food Chain • Food web • Trophic level • Biomass • Omnivore • Decomposer • Herbivore • Carnivore

  34. What are producers? • Organism that make their own food by capturing energy from the sun. • Lowest part of the cycle • Also called autotrophs • EX: Plants, green algae, some bacteria

  35. How do some organisms make their own food? • Photosynthesis is the process that organisms use to make their food (glucose) from the sun’s light, carbon dioxide and water.

  36. What are consumers? • Consumers are organisms that feed on other organisms. • Cannot make their food or acquire the energy from the sun directly. • Also called heterotrophs Different types of heterotrophs: • Herbivores - Vegetation • Omnivores - Meat and Vegetation • Carnivores – Meat • Scavengers – meat and decaying meat • Detritivores - Decaying organic matter

  37. What is a primary consumer? • A primary consumer is an organism that eats the producer. Like a rabbit that eats a carrot. • Also called Herbivores – only eats plants

  38. What are secondary consumers? Organisms that feed on primary consumers are secondary consumers. Also called Carnivores Ex. A wolf that eats a rabbit

  39. Consumers can be further divided into groups: • quaternary consumer (top) • tertiary consumer • secondary consumer • Primary consumer The last consumer in a chain, which is not usually eaten by any other consumer, is often referred to as the top consumer.

  40. What are decomposers? • organisms that feed on dead organism, break them down into simple nutrients or fertilizers. • Also called Detritivores • EX: fungi and bacteria • Earthworms and some • insects

  41. What do you think?

  42. Consumer or producer?

  43. Consumer or producer? What are they also called?

  44. Primary or secondary consumers? What are they also called?

  45. Primary or secondary consumers? What are they also called?

  46. Primary or secondary producer?

  47. Producer, consumer, or decomposer?

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