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For your BR, answer the following q’s

For your BR, answer the following q’s. 1. From your house, how far would you have to travel to buy a bag of chips? What about a new North Face jacket? 2. Would you travel farther to: see your favorite musician/ sports team play or to buy a cheeseburger?

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For your BR, answer the following q’s

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  1. For your BR, answer the following q’s • 1. From your house, how far would you have to travel to buy a bag of chips? What about a new North Face jacket? • 2. Would you travel farther to: see your favorite musician/ sports team play or to buy a cheeseburger? • 3. Did you have to travel farther each day to get to your elementary school or to Harlan? • 4. Imagine you are in a small town in the middle of Illinois: List 3 services you would not expect to find in this town that you could find in Chicago.

  2. Services Pt. 2 AP Human Geography

  3. Key Ideas • Consumer services are based on the size of settlements • Larger settlements offer more services (quantity and variety) • Settlements are interdependent, not independent, so they rely on each other. • Consumer services must consider the most profitable location for their business in order to make $$$. • Consumer services need a certain number of customers to remain profitable. • Also, people of only willing to travel a certain distance in order to obtain a certain service.

  4. Central Place Theory • Walter Christaller (Germany, 1930’s) • Compare to Von Thunen, Weber • Studied the patterns of urban land use • How can the most profitable location be identified?

  5. Central Place Theory • CPT has 4 main components! • 1. Central place is an urban center (city, town, village) that provides services to the surrounding area (aka hinterland) • 2. Threshold- minimum # of customers needed to support a service and make a profit. • 3. Range- the max distance a person is willing to travel to obtain a good or service. • 4. Spatial competition- central places compete with each other for customers.

  6. Central Place Theory Model

  7. Central Place Theory Model

  8. CPT Model Uses Hexagons…why?

  9. Central Place Theory in Reality

  10. Central Place in action • Which has a larger threshold? • Corner store or Wal-Mart • Movie theater or concert venue • McDonalds or Cheesecake Factory • Which has a larger range? • Gas station or car dealership • Walgreens or doctors office • Elementary school, high school, or university

  11. U.S. Daily Urban Systems Daily Urban System: area around a city in which daily commuting occurs.

  12. Distribution of McDonalds in the U.S.

  13. Distribution of Mc Donald’s in the Midwest

  14. Urban Hierarchy • Refers to the level of various settlements within an area • Few settlements at the highest level • Largest variety of services • Unique services • Chicago, NYC • More settlements on each lower level • Services are more commonly found/ basic

  15. Food, Lawyers, and Hospitals in Western Iowa Farmers' shopping preference Southwest Iowa, 1934 Lawyers Hospitals Figure 9.3 (p. 251)

  16. Urban Hierarchy and Services Offered In General Within A City Corner Store Commercial Strip South Side Downtown • Small Settlement • Grocery, gas, diner • Large Settlement • Dept. store, chain restaurants • Largest Settlement • Arenas, corporate offices, car dealership, major attractions

  17. Market Area Analysis Market Area Analysis Location Within A Market Once market area is determined, where should a service be located? Linear Settlement Locate in the middle of all customers Non-linear settlement 7 step formula, but follows similar logic as a linear settlement. • Profitability of a location • Compute the range • Determine the threshold • Draw the market area

  18. Distribution of Mc D’s on the Southside

  19. Rank Size vs. Primate City Rule Rank Size Rule Primate City Rule Opposite of Rank Size rule Largest city has more than twice as many people than next largest city. Ex. England London 8 million Birmingham 2 million • Pattern observed in many MDC’s when ranking settlements (cities) from largest to smallest. • The largest city has 1 million, for example. • The 2nd largest city is approx. ½ that size (500,000) • The 3rd largest city is 1/3 that size (330,000) • The 4th largest city is ¼ that size. (250,000)

  20. Rank Size vs. Primate City Rule

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